Individual differences in online spoken word recognition: Implications for SLI.
Individual differences in online spoken word recognition: Implications for SLI.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.06.003
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Tomblin JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMurray B;Samelson VM;Lee SH;Tomblin JB
三十年的研究揭示了听者口头文字处理的基本原则。然而，对个体差异的系统研究却很少。这样的研究可以通过指出哪些处理参数可能会变化来帮助改进单词识别模型，并且对语言障碍的研究也有重要的意义。目前的研究通过将整体语言能力的个体差异与在线单词识别过程的差异联系起来，开始填补这一空白。使用视觉世界范式，我们评估了在基本语言能力和非语言认知能力方面存在差异的青少年在线口语识别能力。在口语单词识别过程中，作为词汇激活的一个指标，对目标、队列和押韵对象的眼球运动进行了监测。语言能力差的青少年对目标的注视更少，而对同组和押韵对手的注视更多。这些结果与TRACE模型的许多变体进行了比较，这些变体是为了测试一系列语言障碍的理论方法而构建的：感觉和语音水平的障碍；词汇量，和广义的慢化。没有一个得到强有力的支持，词汇衰减的变化提供了最合适的选择。因此，像词汇衰退这样的基本单词识别过程可能为描述语言障碍的处理差异提供了一种新的方法。
Thirty years of research has uncovered the broad principles that characterize spoken word processing across listeners. However, there have been few systematic investigations of individual differences. Such an investigation could help refine models of word recognition by indicating which processing parameters are likely to vary, and could also have important implications for work on language impairment. The present study begins to fill this gap by relating individual differences in overall language ability to variation in online word recognition processes. Using the visual world paradigm, we evaluated online spoken word recognition in adolescents who varied in both basic language abilities and non-verbal cognitive abilities. Eye movements to target, cohort and rhyme objects were monitored during spoken word recognition, as an index of lexical activation. Adolescents with poor language skills showed fewer looks to the target and more fixations to the cohort and rhyme competitors. These results were compared to a number of variants of the TRACE model that were constructed to test a range of theoretical approaches to language impairment: impairments at sensory and phonological levels; vocabulary size, and generalized slowing. None were strongly supported, and variation in lexical decay offered the best fit. Thus, basic word recognition processes like lexical decay may offer a new way to characterize processing differences in language impairment.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Dahan, D;Magnuson, JS;Tanenhaus, MK
通讯作者：
Tanenhaus, MK
DOI：
10.1080/01690960143000146
发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Frauenfelder, UH;Scholten, M;Content, A
通讯作者：
Content, A
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Altmann, GTM;Kamide, Y
通讯作者：
Kamide, Y
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Gaskell, M. Gareth;Quinlan, Philip T.;Cleland, Alexandra A.
通讯作者：
Cleland, Alexandra A.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bishop, DVM;Adams, CV;Rosen, S
通讯作者：
Rosen, S