A shift in children’s use of perceptual and causal cues to categorization
A shift in children’s use of perceptual and causal cues to categorization
复制标题
儿童使用感知和因果线索进行分类的转变
DOI：
10.1111/1467-7687.00133
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Gopnik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Nazzi;A. Gopnik
本研究探讨了3.5岁和4.5岁儿童使用因果属性（使机器亮起来并播放音乐）来建立物体类别并为它们命名的能力。首先，在存在或不存在简单的感知信息（颜色和形状）的情况下评估这种使用，从而导致相互冲突的分类。其次，语言的作用是通过改变实验者描述机器上物体动作的方式来评估的。结果表明，虽然这两个年龄段的儿童使用因果属性来分类对象的情况下，冲突的感知分类，年龄较大的儿童比年幼的儿童更有可能有利于因果的感知分类时，他们冲突。语言的影响也被发现与年龄较大的儿童，明确的因果关系描述的事件增强因果分类。最后，一项记忆探测表明，当因果信息与知觉信息相冲突时，年龄较小的儿童可能会记错。这些结果表明，知觉，语言和因果信息都是相关的幼儿，而这些线索是更独立的年龄较大的儿童。
The present study explores the ability of 3.5- and 4.5-year-olds to use a causal property (making a machine light up and play music) to build categories of objects, and attach a name to them. First, this use is assessed in the presence or absence of simple perceptual information (color and shape) leading to a conflicting categorization. Second, the role of language is evaluated by varying how the experimenter describes the actions of the objects on the machine. Results show that although children of both ages use causal properties to categorize objects in the absence of conflicting perceptual categorization, older children are more likely than younger children to favor the causal over the perceptual categorization when they conflict. An effect of language was also found with the older children, with explicit causal descriptions of the events enhancing causal categorizations. Finally, a memory probe showed that younger children were likely to misremember causal information when it conflicted with perceptual information. These results suggest that perceptual, linguistic and causal information are all correlated for the younger children, whereas these cues are more independent for the older children.
幼儿命名：一种愚蠢的注意力机制？
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Smith,LB;Jones,SS;Landau,B
通讯作者：
Landau,B
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
GELMAN, SA;MARKMAN, EM
通讯作者：
MARKMAN, EM
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Younger,BA;Cohen,LB
通讯作者：
Cohen,LB