Bridging the gap: parkour athletes provide new insights into locomotion energetics of arboreal apes

Bridging the gap: parkour athletes provide new insights into locomotion energetics of arboreal apes
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缩小差距:跑酷运动员为树栖类人猿的运动能量学提供新见解

DOI:
10.1098/rsbl.2016.0608
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Halsey L
Halsey L
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Halsey L

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树冠是一个充满活力的穿越环境。除了顺从的植被,如果树冠上的缺口迫使人们绕行路线,那么它们可能会带来高昂的能源成本。树栖类人猿表现出不同的运动策略,包括跨越缺口。在任何给定的情况下,他们使用哪一种可能会受到这样做的能源成本的影响,而能源成本又会受到周围环境的细节以及他们的身体尺寸的影响。测量树栖类人猿的能量是不容易的,因此我们在这方面的知识是有限的。我们设计了一个新颖的、定制的实验装置来记录跑酷运动员的能量消耗--摇树、跳跃和垂直攀登。后一种策略的成本要高得多,这表明当能源经济成为焦点时,树栖类人猿将优先选择限制高度变化的路线。对于运动员来说,摆动树木还是跳跃是最经济的取决于树木僵硬、穿越的距离、所需的树木摆动次数和自身质量之间的相互作用。对以前物种间相关性的最新分析表明,垂直攀爬的相对成本是否在灵长类物种中是大小不变的,取决于攀爬环境的细节。
The tree canopy is an energetically challenging environment to traverse. Along with compliant vegetation, gaps in the canopy can prove energetically costly if they force a route-extending detour. Arboreal apes exhibit diverse locomotion strategies, including for gap crossing. Which one they employ in any given scenario may be influenced by the energy costs to do so, which are affected by the details of the immediate environment in combination with their body size. Measuring energetics of arboreal apes is not tractable; thus our knowledge in this area is limited. We devised a novel, custom-made experimental set-up to record the energy expenditure of parkour athletes tree-swaying, jumping and vertical climbing. The latter strategy was vastly more expensive, indicating that when energy economy is the focus arboreal apes will prioritize routes that limit height changes. Whether tree-swaying or jumping was most economical for the athletes depended upon interactions between tree stiffness, the distance to cross, number of tree-sways required and their own mass. Updated analysis of previous interspecific correlations suggests that whether the relative costs to vertical climb are size-invariant across primate species is complicated by details of the climbing context.
DOI: --
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熟能生巧:“树栖”跑酷运动员的表现优化阐明了类人猿解剖学的进化生态学。
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.11.005
发表时间: 2017
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-33761-4_34
发表时间: 2007
期刊: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00870.x
发表时间: 2008-04-01
期刊: JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
影响因子: 2.4
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