Evidence for field cancerization of the prostate.
Evidence for field cancerization of the prostate.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/pros.20983
复制
发表时间：
2009-09-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Gann, Peter H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nonn, Larisa;Ananthanarayanan, Vijayalakshmi;Gann, Peter H.
当器官或组织表面的大面积受到致癌损伤影响时，就会发生前列腺癌化，导致在组织学变化之前形成多灶性独立癌前灶和分子病变。在此，我们回顾了有关前列腺场效应的累积证据，并严格评估了可用于识别和验证场效应生物标志物的方法。经过验证的场效应生物标志物可以作为 II 期预防试验中的替代终点生物标志物以及作为活检呈阴性的男性癌症的临床预测因子发挥重要作用。迄今为止，场效应已被确定，涉及核形态变化、基因表达、蛋白质表达、基因启动子甲基化、DNA损伤和血管生成。除了将癌旁良性组织与更远的区域或无癌器官的“超正常”组织进行比较之外，研究人员还可以使用巢式病例对照设计进行阴性活检，这提供了许多独特的优势。真正的致癌场效应应与微环境对肿瘤发展的二次反应区分开来，尽管后者仍可能带来有用的临床预测工具。
Field cancerization, which is not yet well-characterized in the prostate, occurs when large areas of an organ or tissue surface are affected by a carcinogenic insult, resulting in the development of multi-focal independent premalignant foci and molecular lesions that precede histological change. Herein, we review the cumulative body of evidence concerning field effects in the prostate and critically evaluate the methods available for the identification and validation of field effect biomarkers. Validated biomarkers for field effects have an important role to play as surrogate endpoint biomarkers in Phase II prevention trials and as clinical predictors of cancer in men with negative biopsies. Thus far, field effects have been identified involving nuclear morphometric changes, gene expression, protein expression, gene promoter methylation, DNA damage and angiogenesis. In addition to comparing cancer-adjacent benign tissue to more distant areas or to “supernormal” tissue from cancer-free organs, investigators can use a nested case–control design for negative biopsies that offers a number of unique advantages. True carcinogenic field effects should be distinguished from secondary responses of the microenvironment to a developing tumor, although the latter may still lead to useful clinical prediction tools.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Chandran UR;Dhir R;Ma C;Michalopoulos G;Becich M;Gilbertson J
通讯作者：
Gilbertson J
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jothy, S;Slesak, B;Rabczynski, J
通讯作者：
Rabczynski, J
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0509630102
发表时间：
2005-12-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Malins, DC;Gilman, NK;Anderson, KM
通讯作者：
Anderson, KM
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Franklin, WA;Gazdar, AF;Miller, YE
通讯作者：
Miller, YE
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Ananthanarayanan, V;Deaton, RJ;Gann, PH
通讯作者：
Gann, PH