Predictive eye movements in natural vision.
Predictive eye movements in natural vision.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-011-2979-2
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Pelz, Jeff B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayhoe, Mary M.;McKinney, Travis;Chajka, Kelly;Pelz, Jeff B.
在自然界中，大脑必须处理视觉处理过程中固有的延迟。这是一个问题，尤其是在动态任务期间。视觉运动延迟的一种可能的解决方案是基于从经验中学习到的环境的当前状态和属性来预测环境的未来状态。众所周知，预测发生在扫视和追逐运动中，很可能依赖于某种内部视觉模型作为预测的基础。然而，大多数证据来自使用简单范例的对照实验室研究。在这项研究中，我们研究了在打壁球时要求自然行为的情况下进行的眼球运动。我们发现，在这种情况下，预测是凝视行为的一个普遍组成部分。此外，我们还表明，这些预测运动非常精确，并且在时间上跨多个轨迹和多个运动连续运行。这表明，预测是基于球运动方式的复杂动态视觉模型，这些模型是通过广泛的经验积累的。由于眼睛、头部、手臂和身体的运动都是同时发生的，所以似乎不同的效应器共享一个共同的预测视觉状态的内部模型，以允许灵活的协调模式。人们普遍认为，内部模型负责预测未来的感觉状态，以控制身体运动。目前的工作表明，基于模型的预测很可能也是自然凝视控制中的一个普遍组成部分。
In the natural world, the brain must handle inherent delays in visual processing. This is a problem particularly during dynamic tasks. A possible solution to visuo-motor delays is prediction of a future state of the environment based on the current state and properties of the environment learned from experience. Prediction is well known to occur in both saccades and pursuit movements and is likely to depend on some kind of internal visual model as the basis for this prediction. However, most evidence comes from controlled laboratory studies using simple paradigms. In this study, we examine eye movements made in the context of demanding natural behavior, while playing squash. We show that prediction is a pervasive component of gaze behavior in this context. We show in addition that these predictive movements are extraordinarily precise and operate continuously in time across multiple trajectories and multiple movements. This suggests that prediction is based on complex dynamic visual models of the way that balls move, accumulated over extensive experience. Since eye, head, arm, and body movements all co-occur, it seems likely that a common internal model of predicted visual state is shared by different effectors to allow flexible coordination patterns. It is generally agreed that internal models are responsible for predicting future sensory state for control of body movements. The present work suggests that model-based prediction is likely to be a pervasive component in natural gaze control as well.
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