Developmental change in amygdala reactivity during adolescence: effects of family history of depression and stressful life events.
Developmental change in amygdala reactivity during adolescence: effects of family history of depression and stressful life events.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14020195
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hariri AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swartz JR;Williamson DE;Hariri AR
虽然在重度抑郁症患者中观察到杏仁核反应性增强，但我们的知识中仍然存在两个关键空白。首先，目前尚不清楚杏仁核反应性升高是发病前的脆弱性还是疾病的后果。其次，这种神经表型是如何以及何时发展的尚不清楚。本研究的目的是解决这些差距，通过评估发展变化的威胁相关的杏仁核反应性的青少年在高或低风险的抑郁症家族史的基础上，发病前的障碍。青少年（最初年龄为11-15岁）完成了fMRI范式，在基线和2年后再次引起与威胁相关的杏仁核反应。经过质量控制后，获得了第一波232名青少年和第二波197名青少年的数据。纵向数据（会议质量控制在两个波），可用于157这些参与者。杏仁核反应性的变化被评估为抑郁症家族史和应激性生活事件严重程度的函数。在有阳性家族史的青少年中，无论生活压力的严重程度如何，与威胁相关的杏仁核反应性都会随着年龄的增长而增加，而在有阴性家族史的青少年中，当他们报告相对严重的生活压力时，杏仁核反应性也会随着年龄的增长而增加。重要的是，这些杏仁核反应性随年龄的变化发生在没有临床障碍或抑郁症状增加的情况下。这些结果表明，杏仁核反应性升高出现在青春期之前，抑郁症的发展作为一个功能的家庭风险，或在没有家庭风险，紧张的生活事件。
Though heightened amygdala reactivity is observed in patients with major depression, two critical gaps in our knowledge remain. First, it is unclear whether heightened amygdala reactivity is a premorbid vulnerability or consequence of the disorder. Second, it is unknown how and when this neural phenotype develops. The objective of this study was to address these gaps by evaluating developmental change in threat-related amygdala reactivity in adolescents at high or low risk for depression based on family history, before the onset of disorder. Adolescents (initially aged 11–15 years) completed an fMRI paradigm that elicited threat-related amygdala reactivity at baseline and again 2 years later. After quality control, data from 232 adolescents at Wave 1 and 197 adolescents at Wave 2 were available. Longitudinal data (meeting quality control at both waves) were available for 157 of these participants. Change in amygdala reactivity was assessed as a function of family history of depression and stressful life event severity. Threat-related amygdala reactivity increased with age in those with a positive family history regardless of the severity of life stress reported, and in adolescents with a negative family history when they reported relatively severe life stress. Critically, these changes in amygdala reactivity with age occurred in the absence of clinical disorder or increases in depressive symptoms. These results suggest that heightened amygdala reactivity emerges during adolescence prior to the development of depression as a function of familial risk or, in the absence of familial risk, stressful life events.
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