Instrumental Divergence and the Value of Control.

Instrumental Divergence and the Value of Control.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep36295
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发表时间:
2016-11-04
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Liljeholm M
Liljeholm M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mistry P;Liljeholm M

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灵活选择的一个关键方面是,替代行动产生不同的结果:只有当可用的行动替代产生不同的结果状态时,行动之间的歧视和选择才允许代理灵活地获得当前最想要的结果。在这里,我们使用工具的分歧-在何种程度上不同的替代行动相对于其结果概率分布-作为灵活的工具控制的指标,并评估这种新的决策变量对选择偏好的影响。在实验1中,当其他决策变量,如期望值和结果熵,保持不变,我们发现一个显着的偏好高工具分歧。在实验2中,我们使用了“自动与自我发挥”的操纵,以消除结果的多样性作为行为偏好的来源,并对比灵活的工具控制与完全没有自愿选择。我们的研究结果表明,灵活的工具控制决策结果可能具有内在价值。
A critical aspect of flexible choice is that alternative actions yield distinct consequences: Only when available action alternatives produce distinct outcome states does discrimination and selection between actions allow an agent to flexibly obtain the currently most desired outcome. Here, we use instrumental divergence – the degree to which alternative actions differ with respect to their outcome probability distributions – as an index of flexible instrumental control, and assess the influence of this novel decision variable on choice preference. In Experiment 1, when other decision variables, such as expected value and outcome entropy, were held constant, we found a significant preference for high instrumental divergence. In Experiment 2, we used an “auto- vs. self-play” manipulation to eliminate outcome diversity as a source of behavioral preferences, and to contrast flexible instrumental control with the complete absence of voluntary choice. Our results suggest that flexible instrumental control over decision outcomes may have intrinsic value.
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12897
发表时间: 2015-05
期刊: The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子: --
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