Mechanical Mechanisms of Chromosome Segregation.

Mechanical Mechanisms of Chromosome Segregation.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells10020465
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发表时间:
2021-02-22
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Needleman DJ
Needleman DJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anjur-Dietrich MI;Kelleher CP;Needleman DJ

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Chromosome segregation—the partitioning of genetic material into two daughter cells—is one of the most crucial processes in cell division. In all Eukaryotes, chromosome segregation is driven by the spindle, a microtubule-based, self-organizing subcellular structure. Extensive research performed over the past 150 years has identified numerous commonalities and contrasts between spindles in different systems. In this review, we use simple coarse-grained models to organize and integrate previous studies of chromosome segregation. We discuss sites of force generation in spindles and fundamental mechanical principles that any understanding of chromosome segregation must be based upon. We argue that conserved sites of force generation may interact differently in different spindles, leading to distinct mechanical mechanisms of chromosome segregation. We suggest experiments to determine which mechanical mechanism is operative in a particular spindle under study. Finally, we propose that combining biophysical experiments, coarse-grained theories, and evolutionary genetics will be a productive approach to enhance our understanding of chromosome segregation in the future.
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