Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review.
Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1186/1479-5868-9-78
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发表时间：
2012-06-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ryan RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teixeira PJ;Carraça EV;Markland D;Silva MN;Ryan RM
动机是支持持续锻炼的关键因素，而持续锻炼又与重要的健康结果相关。因此，从自我决定理论（SDT）的角度对锻炼动机的研究近年来得到了相当大的发展。以前的评论大多是叙述性和理论性的。为了更全面地回顾实证数据，本文考察了基于SDT的关键结构与运动和身体活动行为结果之间关系的实证文献。这篇系统性综述包括截至2011年6月发表的66项实证研究，包括实验性、横断面和前瞻性研究，这些研究测量了运动因果关系取向、自主性/需要支持和需要满足、运动动机（或目标内容）以及运动自我调节和动机。我们还研究了旨在增加运动行为的SDT干预措施。在所有研究中，将实际或自我报告的运动/体力活动（包括出勤率）作为因变量进行分析。根据证据的定量分析总结了调查结果。结果表明，一致支持更自主的形式的动机和运动之间的正相关关系，与确定的监管预测初始/短期采用更强烈的内在动机的趋势，和内在动机更预测长期锻炼的坚持。文献也是一致的，能力满意度和更多的内在动机积极预测运动参与在一系列的样本和设置。关于其他类型动机的作用，发现了混合证据（例如，健康/健身和身体相关的），以及内向调节的具体性质和后果。大多数研究都采用了描述性方法（即，非实验性）设计，但在横截面、前瞻性和实验性设计中发现了类似的结果。总的来说，文献提供了很好的证据SDT在理解运动行为的价值，证明了自主（确定和内在）的规定，促进身体活动的重要性。然而，仍然有一些不一致和混合的证据之间的关系，具体的特殊和差别待遇的结构和行使。在文献中探讨的不同协会的特定限制进行了讨论的背景下，完善的应用SDT运动和体力活动的促进，并将这些与未来的研究途径。
Motivation is a critical factor in supporting sustained exercise, which in turn is associated with important health outcomes. Accordingly, research on exercise motivation from the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT) has grown considerably in recent years. Previous reviews have been mostly narrative and theoretical. Aiming at a more comprehensive review of empirical data, this article examines the empirical literature on the relations between key SDT-based constructs and exercise and physical activity behavioral outcomes. This systematic review includes 66 empirical studies published up to June 2011, including experimental, cross-sectional, and prospective studies that have measured exercise causality orientations, autonomy/need support and need satisfaction, exercise motives (or goal contents), and exercise self-regulations and motivation. We also studied SDT-based interventions aimed at increasing exercise behavior. In all studies, actual or self-reported exercise/physical activity, including attendance, was analyzed as the dependent variable. Findings are summarized based on quantitative analysis of the evidence. The results show consistent support for a positive relation between more autonomous forms of motivation and exercise, with a trend towards identified regulation predicting initial/short-term adoption more strongly than intrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation being more predictive of long-term exercise adherence. The literature is also consistent in that competence satisfaction and more intrinsic motives positively predict exercise participation across a range of samples and settings. Mixed evidence was found concerning the role of other types of motives (e.g., health/fitness and body-related), and also the specific nature and consequences of introjected regulation. The majority of studies have employed descriptive (i.e., non-experimental) designs but similar results are found across cross-sectional, prospective, and experimental designs. Overall, the literature provides good evidence for the value of SDT in understanding exercise behavior, demonstrating the importance of autonomous (identified and intrinsic) regulations in fostering physical activity. Nevertheless, there remain some inconsistencies and mixed evidence with regard to the relations between specific SDT constructs and exercise. Particular limitations concerning the different associations explored in the literature are discussed in the context of refining the application of SDT to exercise and physical activity promotion, and integrating these with avenues for future research.
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