Simulation of high-rise building evacuation considering fatigue factor based on cellular automata: A case study in China
Simulation of high-rise building evacuation considering fatigue factor based on cellular automata: A case study in China
复制标题
基于元胞自动机的考虑疲劳因素的高层建筑疏散模拟——以中国为例
DOI：
10.1007/s12273-016-0337-9
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zhang Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding Ning;Chen Tao;Zhang Hui
楼梯疏散在建筑物疏散中起着至关重要的作用，因为楼梯通常是高层建筑火灾时疏散的唯一手段。为了确保安全楼梯设计，生命安全规范建议使用基于性能的设计方法，这需要疏散模拟。然而，现有的模拟大多没有考虑楼梯的结构和疏散人员的疲劳，这些模拟没有得到验证的真实的紧急事件或实验。本文针对这些问题，对高层建筑楼梯间行人流的模拟进行了改进。提出了一种新的元胞自动机仿真模型，该模型根据楼梯结构将仿真地图划分为若干区域，并在每个区域中定义疏散人员的移动规则，以模拟人员的转向行为。为了验证模拟，在两座高层建筑中举行了消防演习。在这次演习中，撤离人员在散步后感到疲惫。仿真结果表明，与不考虑疲劳因素的仿真相比，该仿真能够更准确地预测疏散时间。建筑设计师可以根据新的模拟制定疏散计划和策略。
Stair evacuation plays a crucial role in building evacuation since stairs are generally the only means to evacuate high-rises on fire. To ensure safety stair design, the Life Safety Code suggests using a performance-based design approach, which requires evacuation simulations. Most of existing simulations, however, do not consider the structure of stairs and fatigue of evacuees, and these simulations are not validated by real emergency events or experiments. This paper is on improving the simulation of pedestrian flow in the stairs of high-rises by addressing these issues. A new Cellular Automata simulation model is developed where the simulation map is divided into zones based on the stair structure, and the rule of evacuees’ movement for each zone is appropriately defined to simulate turning behavior. To validate the simulation, a fire drill was held in two high-rise buildings. In this drill, evacuees felt tired after a walk. The simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the simulation without fatigue factor, our simulation can predict the evacuation time more accurately. Building designers can make evacuation plans and strategies based on the new simulation.
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影响因子：
8.5
作者：
Koo, Jeongin;Kim, Byung-In;Kim, Yong Seog
通讯作者：
Kim, Yong Seog
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
--
影响因子：
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
M. Spearpoint;H. MacLennan
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
G. Proulx
通讯作者：
G. Proulx
DOI：
10.1016/j.simpat.2013.04.001
发表时间：
2013-08
期刊：
Simul. Model. Pract. Theory
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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