On the specificity of positive emotional dysfunction in psychopathology: evidence from the mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia/schizotypy.
On the specificity of positive emotional dysfunction in psychopathology: evidence from the mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia/schizotypy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.002
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Naragon-Gainey, Kristin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watson, David;Naragon-Gainey, Kristin
我们回顾了最近的研究，以确定积极的情绪体验和主要的精神病理学形式之间的关联显示出相当大的特异性。虽然低积极情绪指标与社交焦虑/社交恐惧症和精神分裂症/分裂型都有一致的联系，但它们与抑郁症的联系更强，因此显示出相对的特异性。此外，低积极情绪实际上比抑郁症的诊断标准显示出更大的特异性，并且与疾病特有的症状(快感乏力、烦躁、疲倦、自杀)关系最密切。关于社交恐惧症，研究结果表明，低积极情绪与概括性亚型的关系比与非概括性表现亚型的关系更强。对精神分裂症/分裂类型的分析表明，虽然低积极情绪与消极症状(例如，狭隘的情感、社交冷漠)一致相关，但与积极症状(例如，魔法思维、知觉异常、多疑)只有微弱的相关。其他数据表明，精神分裂症与预期快感不足有关，即患有精神分裂症的人不太频繁地参与有回报的活动，因为他们不希望从这些活动中获得快感。最后，我们总结了证据表明，升高的积极情绪既是双相情感障碍的危险因素，也是躁狂症状的伴生物。
We review recent research to establish that the associations between positive emotional experience and major forms of psychopathology show considerable specificity. Although indicators of low positive affect are consistently related to both social anxiety/social phobia and schizophrenia/schizotypy, they are more strongly linked to depression, thereby displaying relative specificity. Moreover, low positive affect actually shows greater specificity than the diagnostic criteria for depression and is most strongly related to those symptoms (anhedonia, dysphoria, lassitude, suicidality) that are specific to the disorder. With regard to social phobia, findings suggest that low positive affect is more strongly related to the generalized subtype than to the non-generalized performance subtype. Analyses of schizophrenia/schizotypy indicate that although low positive affect is consistently associated with the negative symptoms (e.g., constricted affect, social aloofness), it is only weakly related to positive symptoms (e.g., magical thinking, perceptual aberrations, suspiciousness). Other data suggest that schizophrenia is associated with an anticipatory pleasure deficit, such that individuals with the disorder engage in rewarding activities less frequently because they do not expect to derive pleasure from them. Finally, we summarize evidence indicating that elevated positive affect is both a risk factor for bipolar disorder and a concomitant of manic symptoms.
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