Biofilm Microbiome (Re)Growth Dynamics in Drinking Water Distribution Systems Are Impacted by Chlorine Concentration.
Biofilm Microbiome (Re)Growth Dynamics in Drinking Water Distribution Systems Are Impacted by Chlorine Concentration.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2018.02519
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Boxall JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fish KE;Boxall JB
生物膜是饮用水配水系统（DWDS）中微生物负载（和有机物质）的主要形式，但我们对DWDS微生物组的理解集中在更容易获得的散装水上。通常提供消毒剂残留物来管理DWDS中的水生微生物活性，以保障水质和公共健康，但对生物膜微生物组的影响在很大程度上是未知的。我们报告的结果，从一个全面的DWDS设施用于开发生物膜自然，三个氯浓度之一：低，中，高。增加氯浓度降低了生物膜内的细菌浓度，但真菌的数量不受影响。氯政权是有影响力的塑造两个类群的社区结构和组成。存在所有生物膜共有的微生物成员，但这些成员的丰度变化，使得在生长阶段结束时，来自每个方案的群落是不同的。α-，β-和γ-变形菌是最丰富的细菌类; Sordariomycetes，Leotiomycetes和Microbotryomycetes是最丰富的真菌类。机械清洁被证明可以立即降低细菌和真菌浓度，然后对微生物组产生滞后效应，清洁后数量和生态指数持续下降。然而，建立的群落仍然存在，其恢复使得再生长和初始生长阶段结束时的微生物组成相似。有趣的是，与初始生长相比，高氯生物膜在再生长结束时（清洁后）显示出细菌浓度的显著升高，这与其他方案不同。这表明适应形成一种弹性生物膜，其对水质的潜在风险与其他制度相同或更大。总体而言，本研究提供了重要的见解，氯和DWDS生物膜代表真实的网络的微生物组之间的相互作用，DWDS消毒剂和清洁策略的操作和维护的影响。
Biofilms are the dominant form of microbial loading (and organic material) within drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), yet our understanding of DWDS microbiomes is focused on the more easily accessible bulk-water. Disinfectant residuals are commonly provided to manage planktonic microbial activity in DWDS to safeguard water quality and public health, yet the impacts on the biofilm microbiome are largely unknown. We report results from a full-scale DWDS facility used to develop biofilms naturally, under one of three chlorine concentrations: Low, Medium, or High. Increasing the chlorine concentration reduced the bacterial concentration within the biofilms but quantities of fungi were unaffected. The chlorine regime was influential in shaping the community structure and composition of both taxa. There were microbial members common to all biofilms but the abundance of these varied such that at the end of the Growth phase the communities from each regime were distinct. Alpha-, Beta-, and Gamma-proteobacteria were the most abundant bacterial classes; Sordariomycetes, Leotiomycetes, and Microbotryomycetes were the most abundant classes of fungi. Mechanical cleaning was shown to immediately reduce the bacterial and fungal concentrations, followed by a lag effect on the microbiome with continued decreases in quantity and ecological indices after cleaning. However, an established community remained, which recovered such that the microbial compositions at the end of the Re-growth and initial Growth phases were similar. Interestingly, the High-chlorine biofilms showed a significant elevation in bacterial concentrations at the end of the Re-growth (after cleaning) compared the initial Growth, unlike the other regimes. This suggests adaptation to a form a resilient biofilm with potentially equal or greater risks to water quality as the other regimes. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the interaction between chlorine and the microbiome of DWDS biofilms representative of real networks, implications are made for the operation and maintenance of DWDS disinfectant and cleaning strategies.
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影响因子：
12.8
作者：
Chandy, JP;Angles, ML
通讯作者：
Angles, ML
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
GARDES, M;BRUNS, TD
通讯作者：
BRUNS, TD
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fish KE;Collins R;Green NH;Sharpe RL;Douterelo I;Osborn AM;Boxall JB
通讯作者：
Boxall JB
影响因子：
12.8
作者：
Douterelo, I.;Husband, S.;Boxall, J. B.
通讯作者：
Boxall, J. B.
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Fish, K.;Osborn, A. M.;Boxall, J. B.
通讯作者：
Boxall, J. B.