Childhood maltreatment and lead levels in middle adulthood: A prospective examination of the roles of individual socio-economic and neighborhood characteristics.
Childhood maltreatment and lead levels in middle adulthood: A prospective examination of the roles of individual socio-economic and neighborhood characteristics.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0240683
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Widom CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpi A;Nikulina V;Li X;Widom CS
铅是一种常见的环境危害，因为它过去被用作汽油和家用油漆的添加剂。一些证据表明，有虐待和忽视历史的儿童居住在特征不太理想且接触环境危害和毒素水平较高的社区和家庭的风险较高。了解童年虐待是否会导致成年后家庭尘埃铅和血铅水平升高，以及一个人的自然环境特征或个人社会经济地位 (SES)（基于失业、贫困和接受公共援助）在多大程度上有助于理解这种关系。一项大型前瞻性队列设计研究，将受虐待和被忽视的儿童（0-11 岁）与未受虐待的儿童进行匹配，并在成年后进行评估。在大约 40 岁时评估了客观和主观的邻里特征，并在 41 岁时测量了家庭灰尘铅（清洁和不经常清洁）和血铅水平。作为医疗状况检查的一部分，由注册护士通过静脉穿刺采集血液。童年虐待预示着在不常打扫的家庭场所中尘埃铅含量更高，居住在客观（人口普查数据）和主观（身体疾病和缺乏社会凝聚力和控制的报告）所定义的较差社区中，以及更高的贫困程度、接受公共援助和失业水平。只有客观的邻里特征介导了儿童期虐待与成年期尘埃铅水平之间的关系。从客观的邻里劣势和个人社会经济地位到更高的血铅水平也存在显着的路径。童年经历三十年后，有童年虐待史记录的个人在成年后生活在铅含量升高的环境中的风险更高，这可能会影响他们生活的其他方面并损害他们的健康。
Lead is a common environmental hazard because of its past use as an additive to gasoline and household paint. Some evidence suggests that children with histories of child abuse and neglect are at elevated risk for residence in communities and households with less desirable characteristics and high levels of exposure to environmental hazards and toxins. To understand whether childhood maltreatment leads to higher levels of household dust lead and blood lead in adulthood and the extent to which characteristics of a person’s physical environment or individual level socio-economic status (SES) (based on unemployment, poverty, and receipt of public assistance) contribute to understanding the relationship. A large prospective cohort design study in which abused and neglected children (ages 0–11) were matched with non-maltreated children and assessed in adulthood. Objective and subjective neighborhood characteristics were assessed at approximate age 40 and household dust lead (cleaned and less often cleaned) and blood lead levels were measured at age 41. Blood was collected through venipuncture by a registered nurse as part of a medical status exam. Childhood maltreatment predicted higher levels of dust lead in less often cleaned household places, residence in worse neighborhoods defined by objective (census tract data) and subjective (reports of physical disorder and lack of social cohesion and control), and higher levels of poverty, receiving public assistance, and unemployment. Only objective neighborhood characteristics mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and dust lead level in adulthood. There were also significant paths from objective neighborhood disadvantage and individual level SES to higher levels of blood lead. Thirty years after their childhood experiences, individuals with documented histories of childhood maltreatment are at higher risk for living in environments as adults with elevated lead levels that may impact other aspects of their lives and compromise their health.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16030333
发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
The American journal of psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Danese A;Moffitt TE;Arseneault L;Bleiberg BA;Dinardo PB;Gandelman SB;Houts R;Ambler A;Fisher HL;Poulton R;Caspi A
通讯作者：
Caspi A
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Kim, DY;Staley, F;Buchanan, S
通讯作者：
Buchanan, S
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
CROUCH, JL;MILNER, JS
通讯作者：
MILNER, JS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ellen, Ingrid Gould;Glied, Sherry
通讯作者：
Glied, Sherry
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Leventhal, J M
通讯作者：
Leventhal, J M