Inverted-U-shaped dopamine actions on human working memory and cognitive control.

Inverted-U-shaped dopamine actions on human working memory and cognitive control.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.028
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发表时间:
2011-06-15
影响因子:
10.6
通讯作者:
D'Esposito, Mark
D'Esposito, Mark
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cools, Roshan;D'Esposito, Mark

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长期以来,大脑多巴胺一直与认知控制过程有关,包括工作记忆。然而,多巴胺在认知中的确切作用尚不清楚,部分原因是对多巴胺能药物的反应在不同行为和不同个体之间存在很大差异。我们回顾了来自实验动物、健康人类和帕金森病患者的一系列研究的证据,这些研究强调了导致这种巨大差异的两个重要因素。首先,认知功能的最佳多巴胺水平的存在意味着在分离多巴胺的作用时需要考虑多巴胺的基线水平。其次,认知控制是一个多因素的现象,需要认知稳定性和认知灵活性之间的动态平衡。这些不同的成分可能分别涉及前额皮质和纹状体。因此,操纵多巴胺将对不同的认知控制过程产生矛盾的后果,这取决于不同大脑区域中不同的基础或最佳多巴胺水平。
Brain dopamine has long been implicated in cognitive control processes, including working memory. However, the precise role of dopamine in cognition is not well understood, partly because there is large variability in the response to dopaminergic drugs both across different behaviors and across different individuals. We review evidence from a series of studies with experimental animals, healthy humans and patients with Parkinson’s disease, which highlight two important factors that contribute to this large variability. First, the existence of an optimum dopamine level for cognitive function implicates the need to take into account baseline levels of dopamine when isolating dopamine’s effects. Second, cognitive control is a multi-factorial phenomenon, requiring a dynamic balance between cognitive stability and cognitive flexibility. These distinct components might implicate the prefrontal cortex and the striatum respectively. Manipulating dopamine will thus have paradoxical consequences for distinct cognitive control processes depending on distinct basal or optimal levels of dopamine in different brain regions.
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