Lipid Vesicles as Membrane Models for Toxicological Assessment of Xenobiotics

Lipid Vesicles as Membrane Models for Toxicological Assessment of Xenobiotics
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脂质囊泡作为异生物质毒理学评估的膜模型

DOI:
--
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
D. Yourtee
D. Yourtee
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
H. Zepik;P. Walde;E. Kostoryz;J. Code;D. Yourtee

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传统上,动物和细胞培养物已被用于评估外源性物质对细胞膜的毒性潜力。为了寻找更可重复的,定量的,成本和时间有效的测定,毒理学家最近对基于仿生脂质囊泡的测试系统感兴趣。脂质囊泡(脂质体)长期以来一直被认为是生物化学和生物物理研究中的简单细胞膜模型,提供了对脂质体系统物理化学性质的良好理解。最近发表了一些关于有毒物质与囊泡相互作用的报告。关于脂质体测定的文献报告已经出现了广泛不同类别的外源性物质,如牙科材料、抗生素、洗涤剂和肽。在这篇综述中,我们专注于那些报告,包含定量和显着的相关性与更成熟的毒理学试验,如细胞培养试验。我们提供了一个介绍囊泡和相关的脂质聚集体的结构和主要特征。提出的两个主要的分析是泄漏的荧光染料和差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量的固体有序/液体无序的主要相变温度(Tm)。
Traditionally animals and cell cultures have been used to assess the toxic potential of xenobiotics on cell membranes. In search for more reproducible, quantitative, cost- and time-effective assays, toxicologists have recently become interested in biomimetic lipid vesicle-based test systems. Lipid vesicles (liposomes) have long been appreciated as simple cell membrane models in biochemical and biophysical studies providing a good understanding of the physicochemical properties of liposome systems. More recently a number of reports have been published on the interactions of toxic substances with vesicles. Literature reports on liposome assays have appeared for widely different classes of xenobiotics, such as dental materials, antibiotics, detergents, and peptides. In this review we focus on those reports that contain a quantitative and significant correlation with more established toxicological tests like cell culture assays. We provide an introduction to the structure and main characteristics of vesicles and related lipid aggregates. The two main assays presented are leakage of fluorescence dyes and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements of the solid-ordered/liquid-disordered main phase transition temperature (Tm).
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