Immune Intervention and Preservation of Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes.

Immune Intervention and Preservation of Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11892-016-0793-8
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Michels AW
Michels AW
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Simmons KM;Gottlieb PA;Michels AW

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The autoimmune process leads to a deficiency in insulin production and resultant hyperglycemia requiring lifelong treatment with insulin administration. T1D continues to dramatically increase in incidence, especially in young children. Substantial knowledge surrounding human disease pathogenesis exists, such that T1D is now predictable with the measurement of antibodies in the peripheral blood directed against insulin and other β cell proteins. With the ability to predict, it naturally follows that T1D should be preventable. As such, over the last two decades, numerous well-controlled clinical trials have been completed attempting to prevent diabetes onset or maintain residual β cell function after clinical onset, all providing relatively disappointing results. Here, we review the T1D prevention efforts, the current landscape of clinical therapies, and end with a discussion regarding the future outlook for preventing T1D.
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