Lipid profiling demonstrates that suppressing Arabidopsis phospholipase Dδ retards ABA-promoted leaf senescence by attenuating lipid degradation.
Lipid profiling demonstrates that suppressing Arabidopsis phospholipase Dδ retards ABA-promoted leaf senescence by attenuating lipid degradation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0065687
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Li W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jia Y;Tao F;Li W
衰老是植物生命周期的最后一个阶段，在植物发育中具有重要作用。膜脂的降解是叶片衰老过程中必不可少的过程。一些研究报道了叶片衰老过程中膜脂和磷脂酶D（PLD）活性的根本变化。抑制磷脂酶Dα1（PLDα1）可延缓脱落酸（阿坝）诱导的衰老。然而，由于缺乏研究，已剖析叶片衰老过程中的膜脂分子的组成的变化，没有直接的证据表明，PLD影响脂质组成的过程中。PLD抑制剂正丁醇和PLDα1特异性抑制剂N-酰基乙醇胺（NAE）12∶0对ABA促进的衰老有不同程度的延缓作用。此外，磷脂酶Dδ（PLDδ）在阿坝处理的叶片中被诱导，PLDδ的抑制延缓ABA促进的拟南芥衰老。脂质分析表明，老化诱导的衰老有不同的影响，质体和质体外的脂质。PLDδ基因敲除（PLDδ-KO）可减弱ABA诱导的野生型植物衰老过程中质体脂质的加速降解。在PLDδ-KO植物中，ABA诱导的衰老过程中磷脂酸（PA）的急剧增加和磷脂酰胆碱（PC）的减少也受到抑制。我们的结果表明PLDδ介导的PC水解为PA在ABA促进衰老中起着积极的作用。PLDδ抑制导致的PA形成的减弱阻断了膜脂的降解，从而延缓了ABA促进的衰老。
Senescence is the last phase of the plant life cycle and has an important role in plant development. Degradation of membrane lipids is an essential process during leaf senescence. Several studies have reported fundamental changes in membrane lipids and phospholipase D (PLD) activity as leaves senesce. Suppression of phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1) retards abscisic acid (ABA)-promoted senescence. However, given the absence of studies that have profiled changes in the compositions of membrane lipid molecules during leaf senescence, there is no direct evidence that PLD affects lipid composition during the process. Here, we show that application of n-butanol, an inhibitor of PLD, and N-Acylethanolamine (NAE) 12∶0, a specific inhibitor of PLDα1, retarded ABA-promoted senescence to different extents. Furthermore, phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) was induced in leaves treated with ABA, and suppression of PLDδ retarded ABA-promoted senescence in Arabidopsis. Lipid profiling revealed that detachment-induced senescence had different effects on plastidic and extraplastidic lipids. The accelerated degradation of plastidic lipids during ABA-induced senescence in wild-type plants was attenuated in PLDδ-knockout (PLDδ-KO) plants. Dramatic increases in phosphatidic acid (PA) and decreases in phosphatidylcholine (PC) during ABA-induced senescence were also suppressed in PLDδ-KO plants. Our results suggest that PLDδ-mediated hydrolysis of PC to PA plays a positive role in ABA-promoted senescence. The attenuation of PA formation resulting from suppression of PLDδ blocks the degradation of membrane lipids, which retards ABA-promoted senescence.
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