Activation of specific interneurons improves V1 feature selectivity and visual perception.
Activation of specific interneurons improves V1 feature selectivity and visual perception.
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特定中间神经元的激活可提高 V1 特征选择性和视觉感知。
DOI：
10.1038/nature11312
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发表时间：
2012-08-16
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Dan, Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Seung-Hee;Kwan, Alex C.;Zhang, Siyu;Phoumthipphavong, Victoria;Flannery, John G.;Masmanidis, Sotiris C.;Taniguchi, Hiroki;Huang, Z. Josh;Zhang, Feng;Boyden, Edward S.;Deisseroth, Karl;Dan, Yang
抑制性中间神经元是各种脑功能的神经回路的重要组成部分。在新皮质中，基于其形态、分子标记、生物物理性质和神经支配模式，已经鉴定出大量的GABA能中间神经元。然而，每种亚型的中间神经元的活动如何有助于感觉处理仍然不清楚。在这里，我们表明，小鼠V1中的小清蛋白阳性（PV+）中间神经元的光遗传学激活使神经元的特征选择性变得尖锐，并提高了感知辨别力。使用硅探针和通道视紫红质2（ChR 2）介导的光学激活的多通道记录，我们发现，升高尖峰PV+ interneurons显着锐化的方向调谐和增强附近的神经元的方向选择性。这些效应是由抑制性神经元的激活引起的，而不是兴奋性神经元的尖峰减少，因为古视紫红质-3（Arch）介导的钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶IIα阳性（CaMK II α+）兴奋性神经元的光学沉默不会引起V1刺激选择性的显著变化。此外，改善的选择性特别需要PV+神经元激活，因为激活生长抑素（SOM+）或血管肠肽（VIP+）中间神经元没有显着的效果。值得注意的是，清醒小鼠中的PV+神经元激活导致其方向辨别的显著改善，反映了锐化的V1方向调谐。总之，这些结果提供了第一个证明，视觉编码和感知可以通过提高皮层抑制性中间神经元的特定亚型的尖峰得到改善。
Inhibitory interneurons are essential components of the neural circuits underlying various brain functions. In the neocortex, a large diversity of GABAergic interneurons have been identified based on their morphology, molecular markers, biophysical properties, and innervation pattern. However, how the activity of each subtype of interneurons contributes to sensory processing remains unclear. Here we show that optogenetic activation of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in mouse V1 sharpens neuronal feature selectivity and improves perceptual discrimination. Using multichannel recording with silicon probes and channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2)-mediated optical activation, we found that elevated spiking of PV+ interneurons markedly sharpened orientation tuning and enhanced direction selectivity of nearby neurons. These effects were caused by the activation of inhibitory neurons rather than decreased spiking of excitatory neurons, since archaerhodopsin-3 (Arch)-mediated optical silencing of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα-positive (CaMKIIα+) excitatory neurons caused no significant change in V1 stimulus selectivity. Moreover, the improved selectivity specifically required PV+ neuron activation, since activating somatostatin (SOM+) or vasointestinal peptide (VIP+) interneurons had no significant effect. Notably, PV+ neuron activation in awake mice caused a significant improvement in their orientation discrimination, mirroring the sharpened V1 orientation tuning. Together, these results provide the first demonstration that visual coding and perception can be improved by elevated spiking of a specific subtype of cortical inhibitory interneurons.
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Atallah BV;Bruns W;Carandini M;Scanziani M
通讯作者：
Scanziani M
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Mitchell, Jude F.;Sundberg, Kristy A.;Reynolds, John H.
通讯作者：
Reynolds, John H.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Andermann ML;Kerlin AM;Reid RC
通讯作者：
Reid RC
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Schmitzer-Torbert, N;Jackson, J;Redish, AD
通讯作者：
Redish, AD
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Kang, KJ;Shapley, RM;Sompolinsky, H
通讯作者：
Sompolinsky, H