Cellular basis of EEG slow rhythms: a study of dynamic corticothalamic relationships
Cellular basis of EEG slow rhythms: a study of dynamic corticothalamic relationships
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脑电图慢节律的细胞基础：动态皮质丘脑关系的研究
作者：
D. Contreras;M. Steriade
最近在新皮质和丘脑的细胞内记录中描述了一种慢振荡(<；1赫兹)(Steriade等人，1993c-e)。本研究的目的是确定脑电慢振荡过程中皮层和丘脑神经元活动之间的相位关系。对麻醉猫的运动和躯体感觉皮质区神经元、丘脑头外侧网状核(RE)区神经元和丘脑腹外侧核丘脑皮质(TC)细胞进行细胞内记录。脑电被用作不同的、同时记录的神经元活动对齐的时间基准，包括皮质细胞以及皮质细胞和TC细胞的双重刺激。自发性脑电振荡的特征是缓慢重复的表面正(深度负)急剧偏转序列(0.3-0.9赫兹)，其次是睡眠纺锤波(7-14赫兹)频率范围内或更快频率范围内的振荡活动。皮质细胞和RE细胞在深度正向脑电波时类似地超极化，而在深度负向脑电偏转时去极化。在许多情况下，细胞去极化与纺锤波频率的振荡或与去极化水平相关的强直放电有关。在深度正向脑电波中，TC神经元超极化，在深度负向脑电波中，TC神经元在纺锤波频率上出现一系列IPSP。根据膜电位(Vm)，TC细胞可以在EEG深度负波开始时发出棘波爆发，或者它们的放电可能被随后的IPSP延迟。上面描述的自发脑电和细胞事件的序列也表征了对皮质和丘脑刺激的反应。对一对皮质细胞或皮质细胞和TC细胞的同时细胞内记录显示，从不太同步的脑电状态到更同步的脑电状态的自发转变标志着同时的超极化，与明显的深度正脑电波一致。我们得出的结论是，在以慢波睡眠为特征的低频振荡状态下，新皮质和丘脑神经元表现出受限于窄时间窗的相位关系，而同步是普遍抑制现象的结果。此外，在TC神经元中，EEG同步化表现为主动抑制。这一模式也存在于超同步状态，如癫痫发作活动，如下面的论文(Steriade and Contrera，1994)。
A slow oscillation (< 1 Hz) has recently been described in intracellular recordings from the neocortex and thalamus (Steriade et al., 1993c-e). The aim of the present study was to determine the phase relations between cortical and thalamic neuronal activities during the slow EEG oscillation. Intracellular recordings were performed in anesthetized cats from neurons in motor and somatosensory cortical areas, the rostrolateral sector of the reticular (RE) thalamic nucleus, and thalamocortical (TC) cells from ventrolateral (VL) nucleus. The EEG was used as time reference for alignment of activities in different, simultaneously recorded neurons, including dual impalements of cortical cells as well as cortical and TC cells. The spontaneous EEG oscillation was characterized by slowly recurring (0.3–0.9 Hz) sequences of surface- positive (depth-negative) sharp deflections, often followed by oscillatory activity within the frequency range of sleep spindles (7–14 Hz) or at faster frequencies. Cortical and RE cells were similarly hyperpolarized during the depth-positive EEG waves and were depolarized during the depth-negative EEG deflections. In many instances, the cell depolarization was associated with oscillations at the spindle frequency or with tonic firing at rates related to the level of depolarization. TC neurons were hyperpolarized during the depth- positive EEG waves and displayed a series of IPSPs, at the spindle frequencies, during the depth-negative EEG waves. Depending on the membrane potential (Vm), TC cells could fire spike bursts at the onset of the EEG depth-negativity, or their firing could be delayed by subsequent IPSPs. The sequence of spontaneous EEG and cellular events described above also characterized the responses to cortical and thalamic stimulation. Simultaneous intracellular recordings of pairs of cortical cells or cortical and TC cells showed that spontaneous transitions from less synchronized to more synchronized EEG states were marked by a simultaneous hyperpolarization, coincident with an overt depth-positive EEG wave. We conclude that during low-frequency oscillatory states, characteristic of slow-wave sleep, neocortical and thalamic neurons display phase relations that are restricted to narrow time windows, and that synchronization results from a generalized inhibitory phenomenon. Moreover, EEG synchronization is reflected as active inhibition in TC neurons. That this pattern is also present in states of hypersynchronization, such as seizure activity, is shown in the following paper (Steriade and Contreras, 1994).
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
MCCORMICK, DA;CONNORS, BW;PRINCE, DA
通讯作者：
PRINCE, DA
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
RAINNIE, DG;GRUNZE, HCR;GREENE, RW
通讯作者：
GREENE, RW
体外猫感觉运动皮层神经元的缓慢电导及其在缓慢兴奋性变化中的作用。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Schwindt,PC;Spain,WJ;Foehring,RC;Chubb,MC;Crill,WE
通讯作者：
Crill,WE