Types of social capital and mental disorder in deprived urban areas: a multilevel study of 40 disadvantaged London neighbourhoods.
Types of social capital and mental disorder in deprived urban areas: a multilevel study of 40 disadvantaged London neighbourhoods.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0080127
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Renton A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertotti M;Watts P;Netuveli G;Yu G;Schmidt E;Tobi P;Lais S;Renton A
研究个体和生态层面的认知和结构性社会资本与常见精神障碍 (CMD) 的关联程度、社区的物理特征在调节这种关联中所起的作用，以及生态层面的认知和结构性社会资本与 CMD 之间关联的纵向变化。对伦敦 40 个弱势社区的横断面和纵向研究。我们对每个社区的物理特征进行了情境测量，以研究该社区如何调节社会资本类型与精神障碍之间的关联。我们纵向分析了社会资本的生态水平衡量指标与 CMD 之间的关联。从伦敦 40 个贫困社区中随机选出 4,214 名 16-97 岁成年人（44.4% 为男性）。一般健康调查问卷 (GHQ-12)。在控制社会人口变量后，结构性社会资本而非认知性社会资本与 CMD 显着相关。然而，所使用的结构性社会资本的两项指标，即社交网络和公民参与，分别与 CMD 呈负相关和正相关。在个人和生态层面上，“社交网络”与 CMD 呈负相关。当物理环境的背景方面（邻里不文明行为）被引入模型时，这一结果得以维持，这表明“社交网络”独立于物理环境的特征。当进行生态层面的纵向分析时，在随访中控制个人层面的社会资本后，“社交网络”并不具有统计显着性。如果我们在概念上将认知成分和结构成分分别区分为社会资本的质量和数量，那么本研究的结论是，社会资本的数量而不是质量对于贫困城市地区的个人和生态层面的 CMD 都很重要。因此，政策应该支持创建和维持社交网络的干预措施。本文探讨了其中之一。 Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN68175121 http://www.controlled-Trials.com/ISRCTN68175121
To examine the extent to which individual and ecological-level cognitive and structural social capital are associated with common mental disorder (CMD), the role played by physical characteristics of the neighbourhood in moderating this association, and the longitudinal change of the association between ecological level cognitive and structural social capital and CMD. Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of 40 disadvantaged London neighbourhoods. We used a contextual measure of the physical characteristics of each neighbourhood to examine how the neighbourhood moderates the association between types of social capital and mental disorder. We analysed the association between ecological-level measures of social capital and CMD longitudinally. 4,214 adults aged 16-97 (44.4% men) were randomly selected from 40 disadvantaged London neighbourhoods. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Structural rather than cognitive social capital was significantly associated with CMD after controlling for socio-demographic variables. However, the two measures of structural social capital used, social networks and civic participation, were negatively and positively associated with CMD respectively. ‘Social networks’ was negatively associated with CMD at both the individual and ecological levels. This result was maintained when contextual aspects of the physical environment (neighbourhood incivilities) were introduced into the model, suggesting that ‘social networks’ was independent from characteristics of the physical environment. When ecological-level longitudinal analysis was conducted, ‘social networks’ was not statistically significant after controlling for individual-level social capital at follow up. If we conceptually distinguish between cognitive and structural components as the quality and quantity of social capital respectively, the conclusion of this study is that the quantity rather than quality of social capital is important in relation to CMD at both the individual and ecological levels in disadvantaged urban areas. Thus, policy should support interventions that create and sustain social networks. One of these is explored in this article. Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN68175121 http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN68175121
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