New Insights into HIV Life Cycle, Th1/Th2 Shift during HIV Infection and Preferential Virus Infection of Th2 Cells: Implications of Early HIV Treatment Initiation and Care.
New Insights into HIV Life Cycle, Th1/Th2 Shift during HIV Infection and Preferential Virus Infection of Th2 Cells: Implications of Early HIV Treatment Initiation and Care.
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DOI：
10.3390/life14010104
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发表时间：
2024-01-09
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影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
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--
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免疫调节理论涉及辅助 T 细胞 1 (Th1) 和辅助 T 细胞 2 (Th2) 反应之间的稳态平衡。 Th1 和 Th2 理论是 1986 年根据对小鼠的研究结果提出的，其中发现 T 辅助细胞亚群可引导不同的免疫反应途径。随后，这一假说被扩展到人类免疫领域，Th1细胞介导细胞免疫来对抗细胞内病原体，而Th2细胞则介导体液免疫来对抗细胞外病原体。后来发现多种疾病会破坏 Th1 和 Th2 免疫反应途径之间的平衡，包括 HIV 感染，但人们对 Th1 细胞向 Th2 细胞转变的确切机制知之甚少。这篇综述提供了对 HIV 分子生物学的新见解，其中详细讨论了 HIV 生命周期。还讨论了 HIV 感染过程中 Th1 向 Th2 转变的可能机制以及 HIV 疾病晚期症状阶段 Th2 细胞的优先感染。
The theory of immune regulation involves a homeostatic balance between T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) responses. The Th1 and Th2 theories were introduced in 1986 as a result of studies in mice, whereby T-helper cell subsets were found to direct different immune response pathways. Subsequently, this hypothesis was extended to human immunity, with Th1 cells mediating cellular immunity to fight intracellular pathogens, while Th2 cells mediated humoral immunity to fight extracellular pathogens. Several disease conditions were later found to tilt the balance between Th1 and Th2 immune response pathways, including HIV infection, but the exact mechanism for the shift from Th1 to Th2 cells was poorly understood. This review provides new insights into the molecular biology of HIV, wherein the HIV life cycle is discussed in detail. Insights into the possible mechanism for the Th1 to Th2 shift during HIV infection and the preferential infection of Th2 cells during the late symptomatic stage of HIV disease are also discussed.
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