Classic and new animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Classic and new animal models of Parkinson's disease.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/845618
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Przedborski S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blesa J;Phani S;Jackson-Lewis V;Przedborski S
神经系统疾病可以在动物中建模，以重现特定的致病事件和行为结果。帕金森病（PD）是老龄化人群中第二常见的神经退行性疾病，尽管关于PD疾病过程已经有了一些重要的发现，但这个过程的大部分仍然是一个谜。在过去的二十年中，使用动物模型的突破性进展为理解PD疾病过程、其病因学、病理学和分子机制提供了见解。此外，虽然细胞模型有助于识别特定事件，但动物模型（毒性和遗传）几乎复制了PD的所有特征，并可用于测试新的神经保护或神经恢复策略。此外，在经典和较新的模型中，额外的PD特征的建模已经取得了重大进展。在这篇综述中，我们试图提供一个更新的总结这些模型的主要特点，以及我们认为是最流行的PD动物模型的优点和缺点。这些模型包括由6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）、1-甲基-1，2，3，6-四氢吡啶（MPTP）、鱼藤酮和百草枯产生的模型，以及与α-突触核蛋白、PINK 1、Parkin和LRRK 2改变相关的几种遗传模型。
Neurological disorders can be modeled in animals so as to recreate specific pathogenic events and behavioral outcomes. Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease of an aging population, and although there have been several significant findings about the PD disease process, much of this process still remains a mystery. Breakthroughs in the last two decades using animal models have offered insights into the understanding of the PD disease process, its etiology, pathology, and molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, while cellular models have helped to identify specific events, animal models, both toxic and genetic, have replicated almost all of the hallmarks of PD and are useful for testing new neuroprotective or neurorestorative strategies. Moreover, significant advances in the modeling of additional PD features have come to light in both classic and newer models. In this review, we try to provide an updated summary of the main characteristics of these models as well as the strengths and weaknesses of what we believe to be the most popular PD animal models. These models include those produced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine (MPTP), rotenone, and paraquat, as well as several genetic models like those related to alpha-synuclein, PINK1, Parkin and LRRK2 alterations.
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