The three-dimensional folding of the α-globin gene domain reveals formation of chromatin globules.

The three-dimensional folding of the α-globin gene domain reveals formation of chromatin globules.
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α-珠蛋白基因结构域的三维折叠揭示了染色质球的形成。

DOI:
10.1038/nsmb.1936
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发表时间:
2011-01
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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我们开发了一种通用方法,将染色体构象捕获碳复制与集成建模平台相结合,以生成Mb尺度的高分辨率染色质三维模型。我们将这种方法应用于人16号染色体上含有α-珠蛋白基因座的ENm 008结构域,该结构域在K562细胞中表达,在淋巴母细胞样细胞(GM 12878)中沉默。这些模型准确地再现了α-珠蛋白基因与其远端调控元件之间已知的成环相互作用。此外,我们发现,该结构域折叠成一个单一的球形构象在GM 12878细胞,而两个球形成在K562细胞。这些小球的中心核心富含转录基因,而非转录的染色质更外围。我们建议,小球的形成代表了一个高阶折叠状态相关的集群的转录基因周围共享的转录机器,通过显微镜观察。
We developed a general approach that combines Chromosome Conformation Capture Carbon Copy with the Integrated Modeling Platform to generate high-resolution three-dimensional models of chromatin at the Mb scale. We applied this approach to the ENm008 domain on human chromosome 16 containing the α-globin locus, which is expressed in K562 cells and silenced in lymphoblastoid cells (GM12878). The models accurately reproduce the known looping interactions between the α-globin genes and their distal regulatory elements. Further, we find that the domain folds into a single globular conformation in GM12878 cells, whereas two globules are formed in K562 cells. The central cores of these globules are enriched for transcribed genes, whereas non-transcribed chromatin is more peripheral. We propose that globule formation represents a higher-order folding state related to clustering of transcribed genes around shared transcription machineries, as observed by microscopy.
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