A trans-splicing group I intron and tRNA-hyperediting in the mitochondrial genome of the lycophyte Isoetes engelmannii.

A trans-splicing group I intron and tRNA-hyperediting in the mitochondrial genome of the lycophyte Isoetes engelmannii.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkp532
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发表时间:
2009-08
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Knoop V
Knoop V
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grewe F;Viehoever P;Weisshaar B;Knoop V

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植物线粒体基因组比动物线粒体基因组表现出更大的进化可塑性。我们分析了石松类植物 Isoetes engelmannii 的第一个线粒体 DNA (mtDNA),这种植物经过 3.5 亿年的进化才从种子植物中分离出来。 Isoetes mtDNA 重组事件特别丰富,叶绿体和核 DNA 插入记录了这种最古老的维管植物谱系中已经掺入了外源序列。另一方面,特别小的第二组内含子和短基因间区域揭示了向紧凑线粒体基因组进化的趋势。 RNA 编辑在单个 mRNA 中达到了超过 100 次嘧啶交换的极端水平,在 tRNA 中也达到了迄今为​​止未观察到的如此频率,在 tRNA 中 18 次 C 到 U 转换为脯氨酸。水藻线粒体转录组预计总共有约 1500 个 RNA 编辑位点。作为一种独特的分子新颖性,Isoetes cox1 基因需要通过不连续的 I 组内含子进行反式剪接,从而证明另一类天然核酶的 RNA 已被破坏,但仍具有功能。
Plant mitochondrial genomes show much more evolutionary plasticity than those of animals. We analysed the first mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of a lycophyte, the quillwort Isoetes engelmannii, which is separated from seed plants by more than 350 million years of evolution. The Isoetes mtDNA is particularly rich in recombination events, and chloroplast as well as nuclear DNA inserts document the incorporation of foreign sequences already in this most ancestral vascular plant lineage. On the other hand, particularly small group II introns and short intergenic regions reveal a tendency of evolution towards a compact mitochondrial genome. RNA editing reaches extreme levels exceeding 100 pyrimidine exchanges in individual mRNAs and, hitherto unobserved in such frequency, also in tRNAs with 18 C-to-U conversions in the tRNA for proline. In total, some 1500 sites of RNA editing can be expected for the Isoetes mitochondrial transcriptome. As a unique molecular novelty, the Isoetes cox1 gene requires trans-splicing via a discontinuous group I intron demonstrating disrupted, but functional, RNAs for yet another class of natural ribozymes.
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