Treatment-naive active alcoholics have greater psychiatric comorbidity than normal controls but less than treated abstinent alcoholics.
Treatment-naive active alcoholics have greater psychiatric comorbidity than normal controls but less than treated abstinent alcoholics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.019
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fein, George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Sclafani, Victoria;Finn, Peter;Fein, George
关键词：
美国的大多数酒精中毒研究都使用了方便的治疗过的酒精样本。经过处理的样本的研究结果传统上适用于所有酗酒者，包括75%的未接受治疗的酗酒者。从精选样本到整个总体的不恰当概括称为“伯克森谬误”。我们比较了未经治疗的和接受治疗的酗酒者，以确定这两组人在精神共病方面是否属于同一人群。我们测量了积极治疗的单纯酗酒者(TNA；n=86)与非酗酒对照组(NAC；n=118)以及接受长期戒酒治疗的酗酒者(TAA；n=52)的精神共病。我们检查了焦虑、情绪和外化障碍领域的终生和当前诊断、终生症状计数和心理测量。TNA和NAC在精神诊断率上没有差异，在所有心理指标上都比NAC异常，比NAC有更多的外在症状，并显示出男性在情绪和焦虑领域有更多症状的强烈趋势。TAA比TNA具有更高的诊断率(所有领域)、症状计数(所有领域)和偏执倾向的心理测量，但在焦虑和情绪心理测量上与TNA相当。TNA(相对于NAC)的异常思维(心理测量)并不像TAA那样延伸到行为(症状)的程度。这些结果强调了在酗酒者研究中使用精神疾病的亚诊断措施的重要性。在TNA和TAA中共病较少的发现证实了Berkson的谬误的存在，即从处理过的样本推广到所有酗酒者。
Most alcoholism research in the U.S. uses convenience samples of treated alcoholics. The findings from treated samples have traditionally been applied to all alcoholics, including the 75% of alcoholics who are untreated. Improper generalization from select samples to an entire population is called ‘Berkson's fallacy’. We compared untreated versus treated alcoholics, in order to ascertain whether both groups belonged to the same population with regard to psychiatric comorbidity. We measured psychiatric comorbidity in active treatment-naive alcoholics (TNA; n=86) versus non-alcoholic controls (NAC; n=118) and versus treated long-term abstinent alcoholics (TAA; n=52). We examined lifetime and current diagnoses, lifetime symptom counts, and psychological measures in the anxiety, mood and externalizing disorder domains. TNA did not differ from NAC in psychiatric diagnosis rates, were abnormal compared to NAC on all psychological measures, had more externalizing symptoms than NAC, and showed a strong trend for men to have more symptoms in the mood and anxiety domains. TAA compared to TNA had higher diagnosis rates (all domains), symptom counts (all domains), and psychological measures of deviance proneness, but were comparable to TNA on anxiety and mood psychological measures. The abnormal thinking (psychological measures) in TNA (versus NAC) does not extend to behavior (symptoms) to the degree that it does in TAA. These results underline the importance of the use of subdiagnostic measures of psychiatric comorbidity in studies of alcoholics. The finding of lesser comorbidity in TNA versus TAA confirms the presence of Berkson's fallacy in generalizing from treated samples to all alcoholics.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hauser, J;Rybakowski, J
通讯作者：
Rybakowski, J
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00361.x
发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Di Sclafani, Victoria;Finn, Peter;Fein, George
通讯作者：
Fein, George
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Bazanis, E;Rogers, RD;Sahakian, BJ
通讯作者：
Sahakian, BJ
影响因子：
6
作者：
Bowden-Jones, O;Iqbal, MZ;Weaver, T
通讯作者：
Weaver, T
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Fein, George;Di Sclafani, Victoria;Scheiner, Diane L.
通讯作者：
Scheiner, Diane L.