Parasite predators exhibit a rapid numerical response to increased parasite abundance and reduce transmission to hosts.
Parasite predators exhibit a rapid numerical response to increased parasite abundance and reduce transmission to hosts.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.634
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wojdak, Jeremy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hopkins, Skylar R.;Wyderko, Jennie A.;Sheehy, Robert R.;Belden, Lisa K.;Wojdak, Jeremy M.
寄生虫的捕食者作为食物网和生态系统的重要组成部分，最近受到了人们的关注。在水生系统中，许多类群消耗自由生活阶段的寄生虫，因此可以减少寄生虫向宿主的传播。然而，寄生虫捕食者对疾病动态的功能和数量反应的重要性还没有被很好地理解。我们从野外收集了宿主-寄生虫-捕食者共存的数据，然后通过实验操纵捕食者丰度、寄生虫丰度和替代猎物的存在，以确定寄生虫传播的后果。感兴趣的寄生虫捕食者是一种普遍存在的共生少毛类软体动物--毛壳虫，它栖息在寄主贝壳中，并以吸虫幼虫为食。捕食者表现出快速的数字反应，捕食者数量在短短5天内增加或减少多达60%，这取决于寄生虫与捕食者的比例。此外，随着寄生虫捕食者密度的增加，蜗牛感染率大幅下降，其中捕食者密度最高时，感染率最高可减少89%。寄生虫的捕食者可以在调节寄生虫传播方面发挥重要作用，即使在感染风险很高的情况下，特别是当捕食者可以对资源脉冲做出快速的数字反应时。我们认为，这些类型的相互作用可能会对整个疾病系统产生连锁效应，并强调在社区层面考虑疾病动力学的重要性。
Predators of parasites have recently gained attention as important parts of food webs and ecosystems. In aquatic systems, many taxa consume free-living stages of parasites, and can thus reduce parasite transmission to hosts. However, the importance of the functional and numerical responses of parasite predators to disease dynamics is not well understood. We collected host–parasite–predator cooccurrence data from the field, and then experimentally manipulated predator abundance, parasite abundance, and the presence of alternative prey to determine the consequences for parasite transmission. The parasite predator of interest was a ubiquitous symbiotic oligochaete of mollusks, Chaetogaster limnaei limnaei, which inhabits host shells and consumes larval trematode parasites. Predators exhibited a rapid numerical response, where predator populations increased or decreased by as much as 60% in just 5 days, depending on the parasite:predator ratio. Furthermore, snail infection decreased substantially with increasing parasite predator densities, where the highest predator densities reduced infection by up to 89%. Predators of parasites can play an important role in regulating parasite transmission, even when infection risk is high, and especially when predators can rapidly respond numerically to resource pulses. We suggest that these types of interactions might have cascading effects on entire disease systems, and emphasize the importance of considering disease dynamics at the community level.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Keesing F;Belden LK;Daszak P;Dobson A;Harvell CD;Holt RD;Hudson P;Jolles A;Jones KE;Mitchell CE;Myers SS;Bogich T;Ostfeld RS
通讯作者：
Ostfeld RS
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
HAAS, W
通讯作者：
HAAS, W
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Detwiler, Jillian T.;Zajac, Anne M.;Belden, Lisa K.
通讯作者：
Belden, Lisa K.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Kuris, Armand M.;Hechinger, Ryan F.;Lafferty, Kevin D.
通讯作者：
Lafferty, Kevin D.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
COMBES, C;FOURNIER, A;THERON, A
通讯作者：
THERON, A