Stress-Inducing Factors vs. the Risk of Occupational Burnout in the Work of Nurses and Paramedics.
Stress-Inducing Factors vs. the Risk of Occupational Burnout in the Work of Nurses and Paramedics.
复制标题
护士和护理人员工作中的压力诱导因素与职业倦怠风险
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph19095539
复制
发表时间：
2022-05-03
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bodys-Cupak, Iwona
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grochowska, Aneta;Gawron, Agata;Bodys-Cupak, Iwona
引言：当代医疗保健面临着来自社会的新挑战和期望。护士以及护理人员的职业对于医疗保健的有效运作至关重要。其重要性不仅在于促进和维护健康，还在于预防。随着提供最高水平医疗护理的重要性日益增加，人们期望这两个职业群体比几年前具备更多的知识和技能。与患者及其家属的日常接触、对环境的低水平控制、职业依赖的等级制度以及对薪酬的不满，正成为护理和护理人员职业中极其沉重的方面。长期暴露于与这些医疗职业相关的压力源，从长远来看，可能导致职业倦怠综合征的出现。本研究的目的是试图回答压力因素是否以及如何影响在各种医疗单位工作的护士和护理人员职业倦怠的发生这一问题。
材料与方法：该研究涵盖了434名受访者，包括220名护士和214名护理人员，他们在医院科室、护理和治疗机构以及医院急诊科和救护车服务部门从事专业工作。本研究采用基于问卷调查技术的诊断性调查，使用作者自行设计的问卷以及标准化的MBI（克里斯蒂娜·马斯拉奇）问卷。使用两个统计值对研究结果进行统计分析并验证所采用的假设：卡方检验和学生t检验。
结果与结论：当前研究表明，在所研究的群体中，职业倦怠现象仅影响护士，而这一问题不适用于所研究的护理人员。护士和护理人员中的主要压力源首先是极高的责任水平。护士因过度的要求和轮班工作而负担过重，而护理人员则主要因职责过多而负担沉重。护士和护理人员都声称他们的工作经常有压力，这导致了身心疲惫。
Introduction: Contemporary healthcare faces new challenges and expectations from society. The profession of a nurse, as well as a paramedic, is essential for the efficient functioning of healthcare. It has its importance not only in promoting and preserving health but also in prevention. With the increasing importance of providing medical care at the highest level, it is expected of these two professional groups to have more knowledge and skills than a few years earlier. The daily contact with patients and their families, the low level of control of the environment, the hierarchical system of professional dependence, and the dissatisfaction with remuneration are becoming extremely burdensome aspects of the nursing and paramedic professions. Long-term exposure to stressors associated with these medical professions may, in the long term, lead to the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome. The aim of this study is an attempt to answer the question of whether and how stress factors affect the occurrence of occupational burnout in the work of nurses and paramedics working in various medical entities. Material and Methods: The study covered a group of 434 respondents, including 220 nurses and 214 paramedics, working professionally in hospital departments and care and treatment facilities as well as in hospital emergency departments and ambulance services. The study was carried out using a diagnostic survey based on the questionnaire technique using the authors’ questionnaire and the standardized MBI Ch. Maslach. Two statistical values were used to statistically analyze the research results and verify the adopted hypotheses: the chi-square test and the Student’s t-test. Results and Conclusions: The current study showed that the phenomenon of occupational burnout among the studied group affects only nurses, while this problem does not apply to the studied paramedics. The main stressor among the nurses and paramedics is, above all, a very high level of responsibility. Nurses are overburdened by excessive demands and shift work, while paramedics are mostly burdened by an excess of duties. Both nurses and paramedics claim that their work is often stressful, which leads to physical and mental exhaustion.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Nirel, Nurit;Goldwag, Rachel;Halpern, Pinchas
通讯作者：
Halpern, Pinchas
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bodys-Cupak I;Czubek K;Grochowska A
通讯作者：
Grochowska A
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kowalczuk, Krystyna;Krajewska-Kutak, Elzbieta;Sobolewski, Marek
通讯作者：
Sobolewski, Marek
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Cybulski, Mateusz;Cybulski, Lukasz;Kowalczuk, Krystyna
通讯作者：
Kowalczuk, Krystyna
影响因子：
17.3
作者：
Whelan, Paul;Meerten, Maja;Bhugra, Dinesh
通讯作者：
Bhugra, Dinesh