Preschool Predictors of ADHD Symptoms and Impairment During Childhood and Adolescence.
Preschool Predictors of ADHD Symptoms and Impairment During Childhood and Adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11920-017-0853-z
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发表时间：
2017-10-30
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Halperin JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Neill S;Rajendran K;Mahbubani SM;Halperin JM
本文总结了最近发表的关于学龄前儿童高度注意力不集中和/或多动/冲动的纵向结果的关键研究。症状轨迹表明，多动症/冲动性在整个童年时期都会下降。在群体层面上，注意力不集中的过程表现得更加多变。然而，随着时间的推移，确定表现出稳定、上升和下降的注意力不集中的儿童亚组是有希望的。早期adhd样症状预示着学习和社交困难的风险，以及儿童期和青春期的共病情绪和行为问题。一些早期危险因素似乎缓和了这些关系，包括共病症状、父母精神病理、社会经济劣势，可能还有神经心理功能障碍。此外，学龄前儿童高度的注意力不集中和/或多动/冲动似乎会损害调节和神经心理功能的发展，这反过来又会增加儿童后期负面结果的风险。确定的风险因素是新干预措施的目标，理想情况下，这些干预措施应尽早提供给有风险的儿童。
This paper summarizes key, recently published research examining longitudinal outcomes for preschoolers with high levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. Symptom trajectories show that hyperactivity/impulsivity declines across childhood. At the group level, the course of inattention appears more variable. However, identification of subgroups of children showing stable, rising and falling inattention over time is promising. Early ADHD-like symptoms portend risk for academic and social difficulties, as well as comorbid emotional and behavioral problems in childhood and adolescence. Several early risk factors appear to moderate these relations, including comorbid symptoms, parental psychopathology, socioeconomic disadvantage, and perhaps neuropsychological dysfunction. Furthermore, high levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity during the preschool period appear to compromise development of regulatory and neuropsychological functions, which in turn increases risk for negative outcomes later in childhood. Identified risk factors are targets for novel interventions, which ideally would be delivered early to at-risk children.
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