Central Cell in Flowering Plants: Specification, Signaling, and Evolution.

Central Cell in Flowering Plants: Specification, Signaling, and Evolution.
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开花植物的中央细胞:规格、信号传导和进化

DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2020.590307
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Yang WC
Yang WC
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li HJ;Yang WC

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在动物和低等植物的繁殖过程中,一个精细胞通常会战胜竞争对手,使一个卵细胞受精。但是在开花植物中,两个精细胞分别使两个相邻的二型雌配子(卵和中央细胞)受精,从而在种子中形成胚和胚乳。胚乳是胚发育的主要器官,也是人类主要的营养来源。中央细胞是多细胞单倍体雌配子体(胚囊)中最大的细胞,是有花植物的关键创新之一。胚囊通过连续的核分裂、细胞化和细胞特化过程与减数分裂产物相区别。如今,越来越多的证据表明,中央细胞不仅仅是胚乳前体细胞,它还具有多种功能。本文就其在细胞命运、细胞间通讯和进化等方面的研究进展作一综述。最后,我们也提出了一些有待进一步研究的关键问题。
During the reproduction of animals and lower plants, one sperm cell usually outcompetes the rivals to fertilize a single egg cell. But in flowering plants, two sperm cells fertilize the two adjacent dimorphic female gametes, the egg and central cell, respectively, to initiate the embryo and endosperm within a seed. The endosperm nourishes the embryo development and is also the major source of nutrition in cereals for humankind. Central cell as one of the key innovations of flowering plants is the biggest cell in the multicellular haploid female gametophyte (embryo sac). The embryo sac differentiates from the meiotic products through successive events of nuclear divisions, cellularization, and cell specification. Nowadays, accumulating lines of evidence are raveling multiple roles of the central cell rather than only the endosperm precursor. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on its cell fate specification, intercellular communication, and evolution. We also highlight some key unsolved questions for the further studies in this field.
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