Mechanical ventilation restores blood gas homeostasis and diaphragm muscle strength in ketamine/medetomidine‐anaesthetized rats
Mechanical ventilation restores blood gas homeostasis and diaphragm muscle strength in ketamine/medetomidine‐anaesthetized rats
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机械通气可恢复氯胺酮/美托咪定麻醉大鼠的血气稳态和膈肌强度
DOI：
10.1113/ep089141
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Spassov SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wenzel C;Schmidt J;Urban G;Schumann S;Spassov SG
新发现这项研究的中心问题是什么？呼吸支持是否确保了血气平衡和实验结果的相关性？主要发现及其重要性是什么？麻醉下手术干预期间的自主呼吸会导致大鼠气体交换受损和横隔肌力量丧失。随后的短期机械通气恢复了血气平衡和横隔肌力量。血气平衡在很大程度上干扰了实验条件并可能改变研究结果。为了确保生理性动物实验的质量和相关性，需要监测和维持血气平衡。摘要在临床前的小动物研究中，在全身麻醉下进行手术干预，动物通常可以自主呼吸。然而，麻醉可能会损害呼吸功能，并导致血气平衡紊乱。反过来，被扰乱的血气平衡会影响生理功能，从而无意中影响实验结果。我们假设，尽管麻醉和手术干预，短期机械通气仍能恢复血气平衡和生理功能。因此，我们研究了氯胺酮/美托咪定麻醉大鼠在自主呼吸下气管切开和颈动脉插管后以及在相同手术干预后机械通气20分钟后的血气分析和横隔肌肌力的变化。全身麻醉和手术干预期间的自主呼吸导致非生理性血氧分压(<；65 MmHg)和二氧化碳分压(>；55 MmHg)。在随后的短期机械通气后，血气分压恢复到生理范围。此外，自主呼吸的动物的横隔肌力量比随后接受机械通气的动物低(P=0.0063)。我们的结论是，大鼠在氯胺酮/美托咪定麻醉下自主呼吸不足以维持生理血气平衡。血气平衡失调与隔膜肌力下降有关。机械通气只需20分钟，就能恢复血气平衡和肌肉力量。因此，应对血气平衡进行监测和维护，以确保小动物实验的质量和相关性。
New FindingsWhat is the central question of the study?Does respiratory support ensure blood gas homeostasis and the relevance of experimental outcomes?What is the main finding and its importance?Spontaneous breathing during surgical intervention under anaesthesia results in impaired gas exchange and loss of diaphragm muscle strength in rats. Subsequent short‐term mechanical ventilation restored blood gas homeostasis and diaphragm muscle strength.Blood gas homeostasis interferes substantially with experimental conditions and may alter study results. Monitoring and maintenance of blood gas balance is required to ensure quality and relevance of physiological animal experiments.AbstractIn pre‐clinical small animal studies with surgical interventions under general anaesthesia, animals are often left to breathe spontaneously. However, anaesthesia may impair respiratory functions and result in disturbed blood gas homeostasis. In turn, the disturbed blood gas homeostasis can affect physiological functions and thus unintentionally impact the experimental results. We hypothesized that short‐term mechanical ventilation restores blood gas balance and physiological functions despite anaesthesia and surgical interventions. Therefore, we investigated variables of blood gas analyses and diaphragm muscle strength in rats anaesthetized with ketamine/medetomidine after tracheotomy and catheterization of the carotid artery under spontaneous breathing and after 20 min of mechanical ventilation following the same surgical intervention. Spontaneous breathing during general anaesthesia and surgical intervention resulted in unphysiological blood oxygen partial pressure (<65 mmHg) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (>55 mmHg). After subsequent short‐term mechanical ventilation, blood gas partial pressures were restored to their physiological ranges. Additionally, diaphragm muscle strength of animals breathing spontaneously was lower compared to animals that received subsequent mechanical ventilation (P= 0.0063). We conclude that spontaneous breathing of rats under ketamine/medetomidine anaesthesia is not sufficient to maintain a physiological blood gas balance. Disturbed blood gas balance is related to reduced diaphragm muscle strength. Mechanical ventilation for only 20 min restores blood gas homeostasis and muscle strength. Therefore, monitoring and maintenance of blood gas balance should be conducted to ensure quality and relevance of small animal experiments.
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