External Environmental Pollution as a Risk Factor for Asthma.
External Environmental Pollution as a Risk Factor for Asthma.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12016-020-08830-5
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Santos U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatkin J;Correa L;Santos U
空气污染是全球发病率和死亡率的一个令人担忧的风险因素，在许多呼吸系统疾病中发挥着特殊作用。它每年造成约800万人死亡，其中室外暴露造成全世界420多万人死亡，而380多万人死于与室内污染有关的情况。污染物引起几种呼吸道症状。此外，在许多哮喘结果中存在明显的干扰，例如发病率、患病率、住院、急诊就诊、死亡率和哮喘发作等。污染物的颗粒物组包括粗颗粒/PM10、细颗粒/PM2.5和超细颗粒/PM0.1。气体成分包括地面臭氧、二氧化氮、二氧化硫和一氧化碳。过敏原暴露的时间、负荷和途径是影响过敏性疾病表型的其他因素。污染物暴露和人类宿主因素之间复杂的相互作用对哮喘作为一个公共卫生问题的发展和上升有影响。然而，在对这种疾病的途径的理解方面存在中断。污染物诱发哮喘的途径是多种多样的，包括呼吸道微生物组中发生的表观遗传变化、氧化应激和免疫失调。此外，现代西方化生活方式的扩张，其特点是密集的城市化和更多的时间花在室内，导致更多的暴露在污染的空气中。另一个需要考虑的问题是，不同年龄组的环境所起的作用不同。在经济上处于不利地位的社区长大的儿童遭受更严重的负面健康影响。这种叙述性的审查强调了主要的污染物，他们的排放源，流行病学的调查结果，和机械证据，环境暴露与哮喘。
Air pollution is a worrisome risk factor for global morbidity and mortality and plays a special role in many respiratory conditions. It contributes to around 8 million deaths/year, with outdoor exposure being responsible for more than 4.2 million deaths throughout the world, while more than 3.8 million die from situations related to indoor pollution. Pollutant agents induce several respiratory symptoms. In addition, there is a clear interference in numerous asthma outcomes, such as incidence, prevalence, hospital admission, visits to emergency departments, mortality, and asthma attacks, among others. The particulate matter group of pollutants includes coarse particles/PM10, fine particles/PM2.5, and ultrafine particles/PM0.1. The gaseous components include ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The timing, load, and route of allergen exposure are other items affecting allergic disease phenotypes. The complex interaction between pollutant exposures and human host factors has an implication in the development and rise of asthma as a public health problem. However, there are hiatuses in the understanding of the pathways in this disease. The routes through which pollutants induce asthma are multiple, and include the epigenetic changes that occur in the respiratory tract microbiome, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. In addition, the expansion of the modern Westernized lifestyle, which is characterized by intense urbanization and more time spent indoors, resulted in greater exposure to polluted air. Another point to consider is the different role of the environment according to age groups. Children growing up in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods suffer more important negative health impacts. This narrative review highlights the principal polluting agents, their sources of emission, epidemiological findings, and mechanistic evidence that links environmental exposures to asthma.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
D'Amato G;Vitale C;Molino A;Stanziola A;Sanduzzi A;Vatrella A;Mormile M;Lanza M;Calabrese G;Antonicelli L;D'Amato M
通讯作者：
D'Amato M
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30505-6
发表时间：
2017-05-13
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cohen AJ;Brauer M;Burnett R;Anderson HR;Frostad J;Estep K;Balakrishnan K;Brunekreef B;Dandona L;Dandona R;Feigin V;Freedman G;Hubbell B;Jobling A;Kan H;Knibbs L;Liu Y;Martin R;Morawska L;Pope CA 3rd;Shin H;Straif K;Shaddick G;Thomas M;van Dingenen R;van Donkelaar A;Vos T;Murray CJL;Forouzanfar MH
通讯作者：
Forouzanfar MH
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Diaz-Robles, Luis A.;Fu, Joshua S.;Silva, Maria P.
通讯作者：
Silva, Maria P.
影响因子：
14.2
作者：
Cecchi, Lorenzo;D'Amato, Gennaro;Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
通讯作者：
Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
DOI：
10.1513/pats.200908-083rm
发表时间：
2010-05-01
期刊：
Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society
影响因子：
--
作者：
Breysse, Patrick N;Diette, Gregory B;McCormack, Meredith C
通讯作者：
McCormack, Meredith C