The Role of Approximate Number System in Different Mathematics Skills Across Grades.

The Role of Approximate Number System in Different Mathematics Skills Across Grades.
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近似数字系统在各年级不同数学技能中的作用

DOI:
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01733
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Georgiou GK
Georgiou GK
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cai D;Zhang L;Li Y;Wei W;Georgiou GK

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虽然近似数字系统(ANS)已被发现预测数学能力,它仍然不清楚,如果这两个方面的ANS(符号和非符号估计)同样有助于数学表现,如果他们的贡献作为一个函数的数学成果和年级水平。因此,在这项研究中,我们研究了这两个方面的ANS对不同的数学技能在三个年级水平的影响。311名儿童对上海市2所幼儿园和3所小学的100名幼儿园儿童、107名小学二年级儿童和104名小学四年级儿童进行了ANS测试(点估计和数线估计),一般认知能力(非语言智力、抑制和工作记忆)和数学能力(所有年级的数字运算和数学问题解决,幼儿园的早期数学技能,以及2年级和4年级的计算流利性)。分层回归分析的结果表明,在幼儿园,非符号估计预测所有的数学技能,即使在控制年龄,性别和一般认知能力。在二、四年级中,符号估计在数学问题解决中具有唯一性方差,但在计算流畅性中不具有唯一性方差。符号估计也预测了4年级的数字运算。综上所述,这些研究结果表明,在数学发展的早期阶段,ANS的不同方面有助于不同的数学技能。
Although approximate number system (ANS) has been found to predict mathematics ability, it remains unclear if both aspects of ANS (symbolic and non-symbolic estimation) contribute equally well to mathematics performance and if their contribution varies as a function of the mathematics outcome and grade level. Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of both aspects of ANS on different mathematics skills across three grade levels. Three hundred eleven children (100 children from kindergarten, 107 children from Grade 2, and 104 children from Grade 4) from two kindergartens and three elementary schools in Shanghai, China, were assessed on measures of ANS (dot estimation and number line estimation), general cognitive ability (nonverbal intelligence, inhibition, and working memory), and mathematics abilities (numerical operations and mathematical problem solving in all grades, early mathematical skills in kindergarten, and calculation fluency in Grades 2 and 4). Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that, in kindergarten, non-symbolic estimation predicted all mathematics skills even after controlling for age, gender, and general cognitive ability. In Grades 2 and 4, symbolic estimation accounted for unique variance in mathematical problem solving, but not in calculation fluency. Symbolic estimation also predicted numerical operations in Grade 4. Taken together, these findings suggest that in the early phases of mathematics development different aspects of ANS contribute to different mathematics skills.
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