Specific Flavonoids and Their Biosynthetic Pathway in Scutellaria baicalensis.
Specific Flavonoids and Their Biosynthetic Pathway in Scutellaria baicalensis.
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黄芩中特有的黄酮类化合物及其生物合成途径
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.866282
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Zhao Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pei T;Yan M;Huang Y;Wei Y;Martin C;Zhao Q
黄芩是唇形科中最传统的药用植物之一，在传统中医中被广泛用于治疗肝脏和肺部疾病以及作为癌症的补充治疗。黄芩根中含有黄芩素、汉黄芩素及其B环上缺少4′-羟基的糖苷（4′-脱氧黄酮），具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒等活性。最近有报道称黄芩素可抑制COVID-19病毒的复制。这些4′-脱氧黄酮仅在唇形科（Lamiales）中发现，而在紫藤属（Cordaria）中发现，表明紫藤属植物最近进化出了一条新的4′-脱氧黄酮合成途径。本文主要对S.黄芩及其药理作用。我们还描述了明显的进化路线所采取的基因编码的酶参与的新的，根特异性的，生物合成途径黄芩素和汉黄芩素，这提供了深入了解特定的黄酮生物合成途径在薄荷家族的演变。
Scutellaria baicalensis, is one of the most traditional medicinal plants in the Lamiaceae family, and has been widely used to treat liver and lung complaints and as a complementary cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine. The preparation from its roots, called “Huang Qin,” is rich in specialized flavones such as baicalein, wogonin, and their glycosides which lack a 4′-hydroxyl group on the B ring (4′-deoxyflavones), with anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antiviral activities. Baicalein has recently been reported to inhibit the replication of the COVID-19 virus. These 4′-deoxyflavones are found only in the order Lamiales and were discovered in the genus Scutellaria, suggesting that a new metabolic pathway synthesizing 4′-deoxyflavones evolved recently in this genus. In this review, we focus on the class of 4′-deoxyflavones in S. baicalensis and their pharmacological properties. We also describe the apparent evolutionary route taken by the genes encoding enzymes involved in the novel, root-specific, biosynthetic pathway for baicalein and wogonin, which provides insights into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family.
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