Cellular processes driving gastrulation in the avian embryo.

Cellular processes driving gastrulation in the avian embryo.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mod.2020.103624
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发表时间:
2020-09
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Weijer CJ
Weijer CJ
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Serrano Nájera G;Weijer CJ

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原肠胚形成包括外胚层(单细胞厚的上皮片)戏剧性地重组为多层胚胎。在小鸡中,内层的形成需要产生宏观的对流状流动,其中涉及外胚层中多达 50,000 个上皮细胞。这些细胞运动将中内胚层前体定位到外胚层的中线以形成原条。在那里,它们获得间充质表型,进入胚胎并向外迁移以填充内胚胎层。这篇综述涵盖了目前对细胞行为如何最终导致这些形态发生事件以及它们如何受到调节的理解。我们讨论1)原肠胚形成前胚胎的生化模式如何创建不同细胞行为的区室,2)整体上皮流如何由单个细胞的协调作用产生,3)细胞在进入过程中如何单独从外胚层分层,以及4)细胞在进入后如何按照刻板的迁移路线移动。最后,我们探索了新技术进步,这将促进雏鸡模型系统的未来研究。
Gastrulation consists in the dramatic reorganisation of the epiblast, a one-cell thick epithelial sheet, into a multilayered embryo. In chick, the formation of the internal layers requires the generation of a macroscopic convection-like flow, which involves up to 50,000 epithelial cells in the epiblast. These cell movements locate the mesendoderm precursors into the midline of the epiblast to form the primitive streak. There they acquire a mesenchymal phenotype, ingress into the embryo and migrate outward to populate the inner embryonic layers. This review covers what is currently understood about how cell behaviours ultimately cause these morphogenetic events and how they are regulated. We discuss 1) how the biochemical patterning of the embryo before gastrulation creates compartments of differential cell behaviours, 2) how the global epithelial flows arise from the coordinated actions of individual cells, 3) how the cells delaminate individually from the epiblast during the ingression, and 4) how cells move after the ingression following stereotypical migration routes. We conclude by exploring new technical advances that will facilitate future research in the chick model system.
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