Helping Patients With ESRD and Earlier Stages of CKD to Quit Smoking.
Helping Patients With ESRD and Earlier Stages of CKD to Quit Smoking.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.01.057
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发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Afshar M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Formanek P;Salisbury-Afshar E;Afshar M
在烟草暴露的许多不利影响中，增加了肾脏疾病进展的风险。与普通人群相比，患有慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的人已经面临着更高的心血管事件发生率，如果他们吸烟，风险甚至更大。尽管存在这些风险，而且近年来普通人群对戒烟的关注越来越多，但国家指南并没有专门针对CKD患者。关于循证戒烟方法的安全性和有效性，对于慢性肾脏病患者，也有类似稀疏的数据。这篇综述旨在确定慢性肾脏病患者尼古丁依赖的风险和戒烟的潜在好处，讨论目前的戒烟策略，包括行为和药物治疗，如varenicline，并推断这些干预措施对这一人群的独特挑战。提出的许多数据来自于普通人群的证据，但在描述时还额外考虑了尼古丁替代疗法的剂量以及CKD患者的非尼古丁药物疗法和治疗方式。
Among the many adverse effects of tobacco exposure is the increased risk for progression of kidney disease. Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who already face increased cardiovascular event rates compared to the general population, are at even greater risk if they smoke. Despite these risks and the increased focus on smoking cessation in the general population in recent years, national guidelines have not specifically targeted individuals with CKD. There are similarly sparse data specific to individuals with CKD regarding the safety and efficacy of evidence-based smoking cessation modalities. This review aims to identify the risks of nicotine dependence in individuals with CKD and the potential benefits of smoking cessation, to discuss current strategies for smoking cessation including behavioral and pharmacologic therapies such as varenicline, and to extrapolate these interventions to the unique challenges of this population. Much of the data presented stem from evidence for the general population but are described with additional consideration in dosing of nicotine replacement therapy as well as non-nicotine pharmacotherapy and treatment modality for individuals with CKD.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrendo.2016.32
发表时间：
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期刊：
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