Micro total analysis systems for cell biology and biochemical assays.
Micro total analysis systems for cell biology and biochemical assays.
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DOI：
10.1021/ac202611x
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发表时间：
2012-01-17
影响因子：
7.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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微全分析系统（μTAS）的新应用正在解决基本的生物学问题，创造新的生物医学试剂，并开发创新的细胞和生化分析。这些努力影响了μTAS所有领域的进展，从材料到流体处理以及检测和外部控制系统。三个领域显示了对生物医学科学最大的当前和潜在影响：设备制造和操作的改进，使能技术的开发以及与生物学接口的进步（图1）。可用于制造设备的材料范围已大大扩展，现在包括纸、织物和线、多种聚合物以及更传统的材料。因此，适用于几乎所有生物应用的器件衬底和组件材料是容易获得的。设备也越来越多地与样品处理和制备的进步相结合，这是任何生物分析的关键第一步。另一个不断增长的领域集中在模块化组件上，这些组件可以按需混合和匹配，并应用于许多不同的分析，即所谓的可编程微流体。这一发展应提高新的生物测定产生的速度，以及定制现有的实验方案。快速发展的第二个领域是开发新技术，使除μTAS外的任何方法都无法有效进行的测定成为可能。由于皮升规模体积的有效操作，单细胞的新分析成为可能。由于芯片实验室系统提供的快速处理速度和试剂的组合混合，大规模文库的合成和筛选变得越来越可行。在一个完全封闭的系统中增加自动化现在已经开始为临床医学提供一些真正的μTAS诊断设备。μTAS开始产生高回报的第三个领域是将生物实体与微型设备连接起来，以创建生物群落，包括芯片上的组织和器官。在多个维度上控制细胞放置已经产生了介于传统组织培养皿和完整动物之间的生物系统。因此，在受控的实验环境中，可以重新创建复杂的生命结构，从而解决开创性的生物学问题。μTAS在所有这些领域的应用仍然是高度跨学科的，利用几乎每个科学领域的技术和策略。由于μTAS或“芯片实验室”系统的快速发展，本综述重点关注影响细胞生物学和生物化学的进展，时间跨度为2010年3月至2011年8月。《评论》的材料是使用几种策略编写的：对高影响力期刊的评论，
Novel applications of micro total analysis systems (μTAS) are addressing fundamental biological questions, creating new biomedical reagents, and developing innovative cell and biochemical assays. These efforts impact progress in all areas of μTAS from materials to fluidic handling as well as detection and external control systems. Three areas show the greatest current and potential impact on the biomedical sciences: improvements in device fabrication and operation, development of enabling technologies, and advancements at the interface with biology (Figure 1). The range of materials from which devices can be fabricated has expanded considerably and now includes paper, fabric and thread, and a multitude of polymers as well as more conventional materials. Thus, device substrates and component materials suitable for nearly all biological applications are readily available. Devices are also becoming increasingly integrated with advancements in sample handling and preparation, key first steps in any biological analysis. Another growing area focuses on modular components that can be mixed and matched ondemand and applied to many different assays, so-called programmable microfluidics. This development should enhance the rate at which new bioassays are generated as well as customize existing experimental protocols. A second area of rapid advancement has been the development new technologies that enable assays that cannot be efficiently performed by any method except μTAS. Novel analyses of single cells are enabled due to effective manipulation of picoliter-scale volumes. Synthesis and screening of large-scale libraries has become increasingly feasible due to the fast processing speeds and combinatorial mixing of reagents provided by lab-on-chip systems. Increased automation within a completely contained system has now begun to provide some of the first true μTAS diagnostic devices for clinical medicine. The third area in which μTAS has begun to yield high dividends is the interfacing of living entities with microdevices to create biological communities, including tissues and organs on-chip. Control of cell placement in multiple dimensions has produced biological systems midway between the conventional tissue-culture dish and an intact animal. Thus, the complexities of living constructs can be recreated in a controlled experimental environment permitting groundbreaking biological questions to be addressed. Application of μTAS in all of these areas continues to be highly interdisciplinary, utilizing techniques and strategies from almost every scientific field. This multidisciplinary focus insures continued relevance to the biological community as well as a bright future.Due to the rapid progress of μTAS or “lab-on-a-chip” systems, this Review focuses on advances impacting cell biology and biochemistry and covers the time span from March 2010 through August 2011. The material for the Review was compiled using several strategies: reviews of high impact journals such as
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Chambers, Andrew G.;Mellors, J. Scott;Henley, W. Hampton;Ramsey, J. Michael
通讯作者：
Ramsey, J. Michael
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Bosco, Filippo G.;Hwu, En-Te;Boisen, Anja
通讯作者：
Boisen, Anja
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Blainey PC;Mosier AC;Potanina A;Francis CA;Quake SR
通讯作者：
Quake SR
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Balasubramanian, Shankar;Kagan, Daniel;Hu, Che-Ming Jack;Campuzano, Susana;Lobo-Castanon, M. Jesus;Lim, Nicole;Kang, Dae Y.;Zimmerman, Maria;Zhang, Liangfang;Wang, Joseph
通讯作者：
Wang, Joseph
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Chin, L. K.;Yu, J. Q.;Luo, K. Q.
通讯作者：
Luo, K. Q.