Preserved Expert Object Recognition in a Case of Visual Hemiagnosia
Preserved Expert Object Recognition in a Case of Visual Hemiagnosia
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视觉偏盲病例中保留的专家对象识别
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01193
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Karnath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rennig;Cornelsen;Wilhelm;Himmelbach;Karnath
我们检查了一名中风患者（HWS），其右侧内侧腹侧视觉流单侧病变，累及右侧梭状回和海马旁回。在许多带有目标刺激侧向呈现的物体识别测试中，HWS 显示出明显的偏盲症状，并对日常物体存在对侧识别缺陷。我们进一步探讨了患者在当前知觉障碍生效之前获得的视觉专业能力。我们让他面对他在中风发作前就已经擅长的物体，并将这种表现与对熟悉的日常物体的识别进行比较。 HWS 能够在受影响的对侧识别出比日常物体更多的特定物体（“专家”）。专家对视觉偏盲症中更好的物体识别的观察允许多种解释。结果可能是由于受影响或完整半球腹侧系统中专家对象的信息处理增强所致。尽管对象处理的基本功能受损，但专家知识可以触发支持对象识别的自上而下的机制。更重要的是，当前的工作表明，视觉专业知识的自上而下机制在早期阶段影响对象识别，可能在视觉对象信息传播到更高对象识别模块之前。由于 HWS 显示梭状回存在病变，且专家对象识别能力受损，因此当前的研究强调腹侧流以外的区域对视觉专业知识的可能贡献。
We examined a stroke patient (HWS) with a unilateral lesion of the right medial ventral visual stream, involving the right fusiform and parahippocampal gyri. In a number of object recognition tests with lateralized presentations of target stimuli, HWS showed significant symptoms of hemiagnosia with contralesional recognition deficits for everyday objects. We further explored the patient's capacities of visual expertise that were acquired before the current perceptual impairment became effective. We confronted him with objects he was an expert for already before stroke onset and compared this performance with the recognition of familiar everyday objects. HWS was able to identify significantly more of the specific (“expert”) than of the everyday objects on the affected contralesional side. This observation of better expert object recognition in visual hemiagnosia allows for several interpretations. The results may be caused by enhanced information processing for expert objects in the ventral system in the affected or the intact hemisphere. Expert knowledge could trigger top–down mechanisms supporting object recognition despite of impaired basic functions of object processing. More importantly, the current work demonstrates that top–down mechanisms of visual expertise influence object recognition at an early stage, probably before visual object information propagates to modules of higher object recognition. Because HWS showed a lesion to the fusiform gyrus and spared capacities of expert object recognition, the current study emphasizes possible contributions of areas outside the ventral stream to visual expertise.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
S. Cornelsen;J. Rennig;M. Himmelbach
通讯作者：
M. Himmelbach
单侧视觉失认症
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
A. Mazzucchi;L. Posteraro;G. Nuzzi;M. Parma
通讯作者：
M. Parma
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bilalic, Merim;Turella, Luca;Grodd, Wolfgang
通讯作者：
Grodd, Wolfgang
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
M. V. D. Linden;M. V. Turennout;P. Indefrey
通讯作者：
P. Indefrey
视觉失认症，第二版。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Duchaine
通讯作者：
B. Duchaine