Adaptive observation-based subsurface conceptual site modeling framework combining interdisciplinary methodologies: a case study on advancing the understanding of a groundwater nitrate plume occurrence

Adaptive observation-based subsurface conceptual site modeling framework combining interdisciplinary methodologies: a case study on advancing the understanding of a groundwater nitrate plume occurrence
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基于自适应观测的地下概念场地建模框架结合跨学科方法:推进对地下水硝酸盐羽流发生的理解的案例研究

DOI:
10.1007/s11356-019-05048-7
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Dietrich
Dietrich
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Werban;Muller;Dietrich

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传统的场地表征和实验室测试方法不足以量化和概念化地下污染源-途径-受体异质性问题,因为它们阻碍了地下水风险评估和利用数学模型进行水资源管理。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一个自适应的基于观测的概念场地建模框架,该框架强调需要使用跨学科工具(包括但不限于地质学、微生物学、水文地质学、地球物理学和溶质命运和运输的化学),以明确定义目标的具体问题为中心,对假设进行迭代测试。在此框架下,我们提出了一个案例研究,旨在针对地下水硝酸盐羽流的来源和发生进行目标导向的调查,该研究先前使用来自稀疏分布的常规和区域地下水监测井的化学浓度数据确定了地下水硝酸盐羽流。这些调查是分阶段进行的,第一个综合结果是成本效益高、无创的地面地球物理调查,确定了地下非均质性,为协作、微创、直接基于推力的调查奠定了基础,随后是地下水化学和稳定同位素分析,用于源指纹和生物过程评估。尽管随着新数据的出现,概念站点模型显然需要进一步完善,但我们说明了逐步整合的框架对于系统地最大化不同调查方法的优势是有用的。应该鼓励采用这种框架和方法来成功地描述、监测和建模环境。
Traditional site characterization and laboratory testing methods are insufficient to quantify and conceptualize subsurface contaminant source-pathway-receptor heterogeneity issues, as they hamper groundwater risk assessment and water resource management using mathematical modeling. To address these issues, we propose an adaptive observation-based conceptual site modeling framework, which emphasizes the need for the iterative testing of hypotheses centered on specific questions with clearly defined objectives using interdisciplinary tools (including, but not limited to, geology, microbiology, hydrogeology, geophysics, and the chemistry of solute fate and transport). Under this framework, we present a case study aimed at a goal-oriented investigation of the source and occurrence of a groundwater nitrate plume previously identified using chemical concentration data from sparsely distributed, conventional, and regional groundwater monitoring wells. These investigations occurred in stages, with the first comprehensive outcome of cost-efficient, non-invasive surface geophysical surveys localizing subsurface heterogeneities laying the groundwork for collaborative, minimally invasive, direct push-based investigations followed by groundwater chemical and stable isotope analyses for source fingerprinting and bioprocess evaluation. Despite the obvious need for further refinement of the conceptual site model as new data become available, we illustrate that the step-by-step integrative framework was useful for systematic maximization of the strengths of different investigation methodologies. Such frameworks and approaches should be encouraged for successful environmental site characterization, monitoring, and modeling.
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