An ethnobotanical study of the less known wild edible figs (genus Ficus) native to Xishuangbanna, Southwest China.
An ethnobotanical study of the less known wild edible figs (genus Ficus) native to Xishuangbanna, Southwest China.
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原产于中国西南部西双版纳的鲜为人知的野生食用无花果（榕属）的民族植物学研究
DOI：
10.1186/1746-4269-10-68
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发表时间：
2014-09-24
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Liu A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shi Y;Hu H;Xu Y;Liu A
背景：榕树属，统称为无花果，是热带森林的重要组成部分，并以其民族植物学的重要性而闻名。近几十年来，越来越多的研究表明，土著人对野生食用榕物种及其烹饪或药用价值的了解。方法：收集西双版纳4个文化群体野生食用榕的种名和族名，通过半结构式访谈记录采集活动和消费方式，通过实地调查野生食用榕的分布和栽培情况，调查野生食用榕的资源管理情况，采用分级法对野生食用榕的使用强度进行比较和评估。榕树属13个种或变种的嫩叶、叶芽和幼嫩或成熟的榕果是传统的食用植物。所有物种都有固定的，通常与食物有关的种族名称。所有四个文化群体都有收集和使用可食用的榕树品种作为蔬菜、水果或饮料的经验，剩余的榕树出售换取现金收入。不同的文化群体使用的榕树品种在不同的强度，因为在可用性，森林依赖性和文化因素的差异。无论是山地还是流域，都通过就地资源管理或人工栽培，实现可持续采集，满足自身和市场的需求。结论：与世界其他地区的报道相比，西双版纳少数民族对食用榕属植物嫩叶或叶芽的开发利用程度更高。大多数可食用的物种经历了梯度的管理强度以下梯度的操作从简单的田间采集到迁地栽培。这项研究有助于我们了解感知，应用和管理一组特定植物物种的知识的起源和传播，以及当地文化，经济和地理因素如何影响这一过程。
Background:The genus Ficus, collectively known as figs, is a key component of tropical forests and is well known for its ethnobotanical importance. In recent decades an increasing number of studies have shown the indigenous knowledge about wild edible Ficus species and their culinary or medicinal value. However, rather little is known about the role of these species in rural livelihoods, because of both species and cultural diversity.Methods:In this study we 1) collected the species and ethnic names of wild edible Ficus exploited by four cultural groups in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, and 2) recorded the collection activities and modes of consumption through semi-structured interviews, 3) investigated the resource management by a statistical survey of their field distribution and cultivation, and 4) compared and estimated the usage intensities by the grading method.Results:The young leaves, leaf buds and young or ripe syconia of 13 Ficus species or varieties are traditionally consumed. All the species had fixed and usually food-related ethnic names. All four cultural groups are experienced in the collection and use of edible Ficus species as vegetables, fruits or beverages, with the surplus sold for cash income. Different cultural groups use the Ficus species at different intensities because of differences in availability, forest dependency and cultural factors. Both the mountain and basin villagers make an effort to realize sustainable collection and meet their own and market needs by resource management in situ or cultivation.Conclusions:In comparison with reports from other parts of the world, ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna exploited more edible Ficus species for young leaves or leaf buds. Most of the edible species undergo a gradient of management intensities following a gradient of manipulation from simple field gathering to ex situ cultivation. This study contributes to our understanding of the origins and diffusion of the knowledge of perception, application and managing a group of particular plant species, and how the local culture, economic and geographical factors influence the process.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
DHYANI, PP;KHALI, MP
通讯作者：
KHALI, MP
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fang LiYing, Fang LiYing;Liu HongMao, Liu HongMao;Xu, Z. F.
通讯作者：
Xu, Z. F.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Roder, W;Rinzin;Gyeltshen, T
通讯作者：
Gyeltshen, T
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Shi, Yin-Xian;Xu, You-Kai;Wang, Wen-Hui
通讯作者：
Wang, Wen-Hui
影响因子：
2
作者：
Wilson, David;Wilson, Anna
通讯作者：
Wilson, Anna