The health effects of hotter summers and heat waves in the population of the United Kingdom: a review of the evidence.
The health effects of hotter summers and heat waves in the population of the United Kingdom: a review of the evidence.
复制标题
英国人口中较热的夏季和热浪的健康影响：证据的综述。
DOI：
10.1186/s12940-017-0322-5
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发表时间：
2017-12-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hajat S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arbuthnott KG;Hajat S
人们普遍认为，全球和英国的气候正在变暖。在本文中，研究评估目前增加的温度和热浪对健康的直接影响和那些项目未来的健康影响的热量在不同的气候变化情景下，在英国进行审查。该综述发现，所有英国研究都表明，在温度高于阈值时，与热相关的死亡率会增加，呼吸道死亡对热的敏感性高于心血管疾病死亡（尽管从绝对值来看，心血管死亡的负担更大）。热量与其他健康结果之间的关系，如住院，心肌梗死和出生结果不太一致。我们强调了易受高温影响的主要人群。在英国，这些是老年人，患有某些合并症的人以及居住在大伦敦、东南部和东部地区的人。在使用不同气候变化情景对与热有关的影响进行的所有评估中，由于气温升高，预计死亡人数将增加，一些研究表明，老年人口的增加也将扩大负担。然而，在城市化和人口对热量的适应将如何影响健康影响方面，以及在有效，可持续和公平适应热量的当前和未来战略方面，发现了关键的知识差距。这些和其他关键的知识差距，无论是在研究需要和知识需要，使健全的公共卫生政策，进行了讨论。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12940-017-0322-5）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
It is widely acknowledged that the climate is warming globally and within the UK. In this paper, studies which assess the direct impact of current increased temperatures and heat-waves on health and those which project future health impacts of heat under different climate change scenarios in the UK are reviewed. This review finds that all UK studies demonstrate an increase in heat-related mortality occurring at temperatures above threshold values, with respiratory deaths being more sensitive to heat than deaths from cardiovascular disease (although the burden from cardiovascular deaths is greater in absolute terms). The relationship between heat and other health outcomes such as hospital admissions, myocardial infarctions and birth outcomes is less consistent. We highlight the main populations who are vulnerable to heat. Within the UK, these are older populations, those with certain co-morbidities and those living in Greater London, the South East and Eastern regions. In all assessments of heat-related impacts using different climate change scenarios, deaths are expected to increase due to hotter temperatures, with some studies demonstrating that an increase in the elderly population will also amplify burdens. However, key gaps in knowledge are found in relation to how urbanisation and population adaptation to heat will affect health impacts, and in relation to current and future strategies for effective, sustainable and equitable adaptation to heat. These and other key gaps in knowledge, both in terms of research needs and knowledge required to make sound public- health policy, are discussed. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-017-0322-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Baccini M;Kosatsky T;Biggeri A
通讯作者：
Biggeri A
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Basu, R;Samet, JM
通讯作者：
Samet, JM
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Basu, Rupa;Feng, Wen-Ying;Ostro, Bart D.
通讯作者：
Ostro, Bart D.
DOI：
10.1186/s12940-016-0102-7
发表时间：
2016-03-08
期刊：
Environmental health : a global access science source
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arbuthnott K;Hajat S;Heaviside C;Vardoulakis S
通讯作者：
Vardoulakis S
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Anderson GB;Bell ML
通讯作者：
Bell ML