Heritability of risk-taking in adolescence: a longitudinal twin study.
Heritability of risk-taking in adolescence: a longitudinal twin study.
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DOI：
10.1375/twin.12.4.366
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发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Heath AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anokhin AP;Golosheykin S;Grant J;Heath AC
青少年倾向于冒险行为，导致不良后果，如药物滥用，事故，暴力和受害。然而，很少有人知道的遗传和环境因素的贡献，个体差异的倾向冒险。本研究采用752对青少年双胞胎（包括169对MZ和203对DZ）的数据，调查了发育变化、纵向稳定性和冒险行为的遗传性。在双胞胎12岁时进行了气球冒险任务（BART），这是一种冒险行为的实验性测量方法，然后在14岁时再次对部分样本进行了测试。冒险行为随着年龄的增长而增加，但个体差异显示出显著的纵向稳定性。遗传模型拟合表明，在12岁时，冒险的遗传力是适度的，但在两性中都是显著的，而在14岁时，男性的遗传力增加到55%，女性的遗传力变得不显著。研究结果表明，BART测量的冒险倾向可以是一个有用的内在表型的遗传研究的青少年外化精神病理学，然而，这种措施的效用可能会受到遗传性的性别差异的限制。
Adolescents are prone to risk-taking behaviors leading to adverse consequences such as substance abuse, accidents, violence, and victimization. However, little is known about the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to individual differences in the propensity for risk-taking. This study investigated developmental changes, longitudinal stability, and heritability of risk-taking using data from 752 adolescent twins including 169 MZ and 203 DZ pairs. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), an experimental behavioral measure of risk taking, was administered to the twins at age 12 and then re-administered to a part of this sample at age 14. Risk-taking increased with age, but individual differences showed a significant longitudinal stability. Genetic model fitting showed that at age 12, heritability of risk-taking was modest but significant in both sexes, whereas at age 14, heritability increased to 55% in males and became non-significant in females. The findings suggest that propensity for risk-taking as measured by BART can be a useful endophenotype for genetic studies of adolescent externalizing psychopathology, however, the utility of this measure may be limited by sex differences in heritability.
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