Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat.

Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-022-14995-0
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发表时间:
2022-06-25
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Hazard, Brittany A.
Hazard, Brittany A.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fahy, Brendan;Gonzalez, Oscar;Savva, George M.;Ahn-Jarvis, Jennifer H.;Warren, Frederick J.;Dunn, Jack;Lovegrove, Alison;Hazard, Brittany A.

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淀粉合酶 III 在淀粉生物合成中起着关键作用,并且在发育中的小麦籽粒中高度表达。为了了解 SSIII 对淀粉和谷物特性的贡献,我们在诱变群体中使用计算机耕作技术,在优良品种 Cadenza 中开发了小麦 ssIIIa 突变体。在每个 ssIIIa 同源拷贝(A、B 和 D)中携带突变的三重 ssIIIa 突变体中,通过免疫印迹分析无法检测到 SSIIIa 蛋白。三重突变体中 SSIIIa 的缺失导致淀粉表型发生显着变化,包括较小的 A 型颗粒和改变的颗粒形态。双突变体和三重突变体的淀粉链长度分布表明,直链淀粉水平高于兄弟对照(三重突变体中淀粉为 33.8%,双突变体为 29.3%,而兄弟对照为 25.5%),长支链淀粉链更少。三重突变体的全麦面粉含有更多的抗性淀粉(同级对照中为 6.0%,而兄弟对照为 2.9%)和更高水平的非淀粉多糖;谷物出现收缩,重量比同级对照轻 11%,部分原因是淀粉含量的损失。有趣的是,我们的研究揭示了基因剂量效应,这可用于微调小麦育种应用中的淀粉特性,同时最大限度地减少对籽粒重量和质量的影响。
Starch synthase III plays a key role in starch biosynthesis and is highly expressed in developing wheat grains. To understand the contribution of SSIII to starch and grain properties, we developed wheat ssIIIa mutants in the elite cultivar Cadenza using in silico TILLING in a mutagenized population. SSIIIa protein was undetectable by immunoblot analysis in triple ssIIIa mutants carrying mutations in each homoeologous copy of ssIIIa (A, B and D). Loss of SSIIIa in triple mutants led to significant changes in starch phenotype including smaller A-type granules and altered granule morphology. Starch chain-length distributions of double and triple mutants indicated greater levels of amylose than sibling controls (33.8% of starch in triple mutants, and 29.3% in double mutants vs. 25.5% in sibling controls) and fewer long amylopectin chains. Wholemeal flour of triple mutants had more resistant starch (6.0% vs. 2.9% in sibling controls) and greater levels of non-starch polysaccharides; the grains appeared shrunken and weighed ~ 11% less than the sibling control which was partially explained by loss in starch content. Interestingly, our study revealed gene dosage effects which could be useful for fine-tuning starch properties in wheat breeding applications while minimizing impact on grain weight and quality.
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery314
发表时间: 2018-11-26
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