The difference between trait disinhibition and impulsivity-and why it matters for clinical psychological science.
The difference between trait disinhibition and impulsivity-and why it matters for clinical psychological science.
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DOI：
10.1037/pas0000964
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Latzman RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joyner KJ;Daurio AM;Perkins ER;Patrick CJ;Latzman RD
在心理科学领域，量化自我调节能力的个体差异有很大的兴趣，因为它与各种形式的精神病理学的诊断相关。特质去抑制和冲动是行为和情绪反应自我调节的常用概念。在文献中，这些结构经常被互换地对待，因为它们共同关注一般的约束，并且缺乏每种测量之间的直接比较。本研究使用结构模型在两个样本(NS=400,308)中检验了这些特质的两种常见操作之间的概念和经验差异，并使用回归和显性分析来比较它们与外化问题和负向情感(NA)的标准测量之间的预测关系。冲动特质与外在性问题和NA都相关，而特质去抑制与外在性有选择性地相关。在显性分析中，特质去抑制在预测外化问题上表现出对所有冲动诱发特质的“完全显性”。相反，在NA的预测中，多个冲动性状表现出对性状去抑制的完全显性。目前的工作提供了证据表明：(1)去抑制和冲动特质是不可互换的；(2)去抑制具体反映了外化问题的倾向；(3)冲动特质反映了外在性和NA的混合，这似乎与不同形式的精神病理学有关。
In the psychological science field, there is substantial interest in quantifying individual differences in self-regulatory capacity because of its transdiagnostic relevance to various forms of psychopathology. Trait disinhibition and impulsiveness are popular conceptualizations of dispositions reflecting self-regulation of behavioral and emotional responding. In the literature, these constructs are often treated interchangeably due to their shared focus on general disconstraint and a lack of direct comparisons between measures of each. The current work used structural modeling to examine conceptual and empirical differences between two popular operationalizations of these traits in two samples (Ns = 400, 308), and employed regression and dominance analyses to compare their predictive relations with criterion measures of externalizing problems and negative affectivity (NA). Impulsigenic traits were related both to externalizing problems and NA, whereas trait disinhibition was selectively associated with externalizing. In a dominance analysis, trait disinhibition exhibited ‘complete dominance’ over all impulsigenic traits in predicting externalizing problems. Conversely, multiple impulsigenic traits evidenced complete dominance over trait disinhibition in prediction of NA. The current work provides evidence that (1) disinhibition and impulsigenic traits are not interchangeable; (2) disinhibition specifically indexes propensity for externalizing problems; and (3) impulsigenic traits reflect a blend of externalizing and NA that appears relevant to diverse forms of psychopathology.
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