Spinning sugars in antigen biosynthesis: a direct study of the Coxiella burnetii and Streptomyces griseus TDP-sugar epimerases

Spinning sugars in antigen biosynthesis: a direct study of the Coxiella burnetii and Streptomyces griseus TDP-sugar epimerases
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抗原生物合成中的旋转糖:伯内特柯克斯体和灰色链霉菌 TDP-糖差向异构酶的直接研究

DOI:
10.1101/2021.10.25.465559
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发表时间:
2021
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Cross A
Cross A
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链糖和二氢羟基链糖(DHHS)分别是细菌灰色链霉菌和伯氏柯克斯体所特有的。链糖形成抗生素链霉素的中心部分,而 DHHS 存在于人畜共患病病原体 C 的 O 抗原中。伯内特ii。这些糖的生物合成被认为遵循与 TDP-鼠李糖相似的途径,由酶 RmlA/RmlB/RmlC/RmlD 催化。链糖和 DHHS 生物合成通常需要环收缩步骤,该步骤可能由 RmlC 或 RmlD 的直系同源物执行。 S 的基因组测序。灰色和 C. burnetii 分别提出了 StrM 和 CBU1838 蛋白作为 RmlC 直系同源物。在这里,我们通过耦合和直接观察研究证明,两种酶都可以执行 RmlC 3'',5'' 双差向异构化活性;并且该活性支持 TDP-鼠李糖体内生物合成。我们证明,与之前研究的直系同源物相比,3''位置的质子交换比5''位置更快。我们解析了 CBU1838 和 StrM 与 TDP 复合物的晶体结构,并表明它们形成了与之前表征的酶高度相似的活性位点。这些结果进一步支持这样的假设:链糖和DHHS是使用TDP途径生物合成的,并且与在双差向异构底物上进行的环收缩步骤一致,很可能是由R​​mlD旁系同源物进行的。这项工作将支持链糖和 DHHS 生物合成完整途径的确定。
The sugars streptose and dihydrohydroxystreptose (DHHS) are unique to the bacteriaStreptomyces griseusandCoxiella burnetiirespectively. Streptose forms the central moiety of the antibiotic streptomycin, whilst DHHS is found in the O-antigen of the zoonotic pathogenC. burnetii. Biosynthesis of these sugars has been proposed to follow a similar path to that of TDP-rhamnose, catalysed by the enzymes RmlA/RmlB/RmlC/RmlD. Streptose and DHHS biosynthesis unusually require a ring contraction step that might be performed by the orthologues of RmlC or RmlD. Genome sequencing ofS. griseusandC. burnetiiproposed the StrM and CBU1838 proteins respectively as RmlC orthologues. Here, we demonstrate through both coupled and direct observation studies that both enzymes can perform the RmlC 3’’,5’’ double epimerisation activity; and that this activity supports TDP-rhamnose biosynthesis in vivo. We demonstrate that proton exchange is faster at the 3’’ position than the 5’’ position, in contrast to a previously studied orthologue. We solved the crystal structures of CBU1838 and StrM in complex with TDP and show that they form an active site highly similar to previously characterised enzymes. These results further support the hypothesis that streptose and DHHS are biosynthesised using the TDP pathway and are consistent with the ring contraction step being performed on a double epimerised substrate, most likely by the RmlD paralogue. This work will support the determination of the full pathways for streptose and DHHS biosynthesis.
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