Infant word recognition: Insights from TRACE simulations.
Infant word recognition: Insights from TRACE simulations.
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婴儿单词识别：TRACE 模拟的见解。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.009
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Plunkett K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayor J;Plunkett K
我们调和了早期认知中关于元音和辅音的相互矛盾的理论。错误发音的敏感度受词典的大小和结构的影响。错误发音的不对称性可以用完全特定的音系学来解释。在婴儿期，在音素水平和/或词汇水平上的抑制可能会减少。声称来自人口稠密地区的单词更难学习，这需要更有力的测试。语音感知的痕迹模型(McClelland&Elman，1986)被用来模拟婴儿单词识别文献的结果，以提供一个统一的理论框架来解释这些发现。在第一组模拟中，我们展示了TRACE如何协调明显相互矛盾的发现，这一发现一方面表明辅音在词汇习得中发挥着重要作用(Nespor，Peña&Mehler，2003；Nazzi，2005)，另一方面，婴儿对熟悉单词的元音和辅音发音错误的敏感性存在对称性(Mani&Plunkett，2007)。在第二系列模拟中，我们使用TRACE来模拟婴儿对熟悉单词发音错误的分级敏感性，正如White和Morgan(2008)所报告的那样。一个意想不到的结果是，除非TRACE中的抑制参数大幅减少，否则TRACE无法证明对White和Morgan的刺激具有分级敏感性。我们探讨了这一发现对词汇发展理论的影响。最后，TRACE模拟了Swingley和Aslin(2007)报告的音系邻居对早期单词学习的影响。TRACE为这些发现提供了另一种解释，从词汇发音错误的角度来看，而不是将单词学习归因于婴儿。这些模拟一起评估了婴幼儿单词识别的发展性(Jusczyk，1993)和熟悉性(Metsala，1999)的描述。研究结果表明，词汇结构和词汇内容以一种经验依赖的方式制约婴儿词汇识别的理论方法都发挥了作用，并强调了婴儿第二年词汇发展过程和表征的连续性。
We reconcile conflicting theories about vowels and consonants in early perception. Mispronunciation sensitivity is modulated by the size and structure of the lexicon. Asymmetries in mispronunciation can be explained with a fully specified phonology. Inhibition at a phoneme level and/or at a lexical level is likely reduced in infancy. Claim that words from dense neighbourhoods are harder to learn needs a stronger test. The TRACE model of speech perception (McClelland & Elman, 1986) is used to simulate results from the infant word recognition literature, to provide a unified, theoretical framework for interpreting these findings. In a first set of simulations, we demonstrate how TRACE can reconcile apparently conflicting findings suggesting, on the one hand, that consonants play a pre-eminent role in lexical acquisition (Nespor, Peña & Mehler, 2003; Nazzi, 2005), and on the other, that there is a symmetry in infant sensitivity to vowel and consonant mispronunciations of familiar words (Mani & Plunkett, 2007). In a second series of simulations, we use TRACE to simulate infants’ graded sensitivity to mispronunciations of familiar words as reported by White and Morgan (2008). An unexpected outcome is that TRACE fails to demonstrate graded sensitivity for White and Morgan’s stimuli unless the inhibitory parameters in TRACE are substantially reduced. We explore the ramifications of this finding for theories of lexical development. Finally, TRACE mimics the impact of phonological neighbourhoods on early word learning reported by Swingley and Aslin (2007). TRACE offers an alternative explanation of these findings in terms of mispronunciations of lexical items rather than imputing word learning to infants. Together these simulations provide an evaluation of Developmental (Jusczyk, 1993) and Familiarity (Metsala, 1999) accounts of word recognition by infants and young children. The findings point to a role for both theoretical approaches whereby vocabulary structure and content constrain infant word recognition in an experience-dependent fashion, and highlight the continuity in the processes and representations involved in lexical development during the second year of life.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0146
发表时间：
2009-12-27
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Arias-Trejo, Natalia;Plunkett, Kim
通讯作者：
Plunkett, Kim
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Dahan, D;Magnuson, JS;Tanenhaus, MK
通讯作者：
Tanenhaus, MK
影响因子：
4
作者：
Diesendruck, G;Markson, L
通讯作者：
Markson, L
DOI：
10.1080/01690960143000146
发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Frauenfelder, UH;Scholten, M;Content, A
通讯作者：
Content, A
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Hamilton, A;Plunkett, K;Schafer, G
通讯作者：
Schafer, G