The role of stress-reactivity, stress-recovery and risky decision-making in psychosocial stress-induced alcohol consumption in social drinkers.
The role of stress-reactivity, stress-recovery and risky decision-making in psychosocial stress-induced alcohol consumption in social drinkers.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-018-5027-0
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Parker MO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clay JM;Parker MO
慢性酒精滥用会升级为酒精使用障碍(AUD)。娱乐性社交饮酒发展成强迫性不受控制的酒精滥用的因果机制是多方面的。例如，压力是影响健康和成瘾者饮酒欲望的重要风险因素。此外，那些冲动/冒险的人喝得更多，成瘾的风险也更大。然而，目前还不可能准确地预测那些酒精使用升级或发展为AUD的风险人群。这项研究的目的是在社交饮酒者的样本中，调查潜在的生理和人格特征如何影响压力诱导的饮酒渴望和消费。最初的假设是冲动/冒险会调节压力诱导的饮酒欲望和消费。39名受试者(22名男性和17名女性；平均年龄 = 23.92岁[SD = 4.90])被随机分配到压力组和无压力组；在压力组，参与者参加了特里尔社会压力测试(TSST)。参与者完成了几份问卷和电脑任务，以评估先前饮酒、冲动/冒险、压力反应性、渴望和压力的生理生物标记物。最后，参与者完成了一项自愿饮酒任务，在这项任务中，用5毫升的37%ABV伏特加(加搅拌器)加强了在电脑键盘上按下的次数。暴露在TSST下的参与者在压力源之后表现出更强的渴望。有几个因素可以预测自愿饮酒，包括冒险的决策、心率从压力中恢复缓慢、压力恢复过程中迷走神经张力差以及压力反应性更强。令人惊讶的是，我们没有发现渴望和消费之间的相关性。我们的数据表明，生理压力参数的变化和糟糕的决策能力会增加压力导致的酒精消费的风险。这可能提供了一个有用的翻译框架，通过它，我们可以进一步研究娱乐饮酒受控向非受控酒精滥用转变的早期预测标志，包括澳门氏症。本文的在线版本(10.1007/s00213-0185027-0)包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Chronic alcohol misuse can escalate into alcohol use disorder (AUD). The causal mechanisms through which recreational social drinking develops into compulsive uncontrolled alcohol misuse are multifaceted. For example, stress is an important risk factor that influences alcohol craving in both healthy and addicted individuals. In addition, those that are high in impulsivity/risk taking drink more and are at greater risk of developing addiction. At present, however, it is not possible accurately to predict those at risk of escalation in alcohol use, or of developing AUD. The aim of this study was to investigate how underlying physiological and personality traits affect stress-induced craving for, and consumption of, alcohol, in a sample of social drinkers. The primary hypothesis was that impulsivity/risk-taking would modulate stress-induced alcohol craving and consumption. Thirty-nine participants (22 male and 17 female; mean age = 23.92 years [SD = 4.90]) were randomly allocated to ‘stress’ and ‘no-stress’ groups; in the stress group, participants took part in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Participants completed several questionnaires and computer tasks in order to assess prior alcohol use, impulsivity/risk-taking, stress-reactivity, craving and physiological biomarkers of stress. Finally, participants completed a voluntary drinking task, in which increasing numbers of presses on a computer keyboard were reinforced with 5-ml shots of 37% ABV vodka (plus mixer). Participants exposed to the TSST showed an increase in craving following the stressor. Several factors predicted voluntary drinking, including risky decision making, slow HR recovery from stress, poor vagal tone during recovery from stress and greater stress reactivity. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between craving and consumption. Our data suggest that variation in physiological stress parameters and poor decision-making abilities increase risk of stress-induced alcohol consumption. This may provide a useful translational framework through which we can further study early predictive markers for the shift between controlled recreational drinking to uncontrolled alcohol misuse, including AUD. The online version of this article (10.1007/s00213-018-5027-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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