Diversity and Abundance of Potential Vectors of Rift Valley Fever Virus in the North Region of Cameroon.
Diversity and Abundance of Potential Vectors of Rift Valley Fever Virus in the North Region of Cameroon.
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DOI：
10.3390/insects11110814
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发表时间：
2020-11-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Franziska S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodrigue Simonet PN;Alexandre Michel NN;Abel W;Albert E;Martin Hermann G;Franziska S
裂谷热(RVF)是由裂谷热病毒(RVFV)引起的一种蚊媒疾病，由不同种类的蚊子传播，通常分为初级媒介和次级媒介。前者属于伊蚊属，以产下抗旱卵而闻名，这些卵可以将病毒在干燥的土壤上保持多年，形成浅洼地的地貌结构。大雨过后，蚊子从这些卵中孵化出来，其中一些被感染，并将病毒传播给邻近的动物。次级媒介，主要是库蚊属、按蚊属和曼索尼亚属的蚊子，可以在这些地点定居，大量繁殖，随后传播RVFV。尽管喀麦隆北部地区拥有该国一半以上的牛、绵羊和山羊种群，但关于RVFV及其媒介的发生和传播的信息很少。干旱期间非常常见的动物传播导致家畜和野生动物之间的接触，并为病毒的交叉传播创造了机会。它还增加了牛群接触病媒的可能性，特别是在供水点。此外，这些地区罕见的暴雨、洪水和以灌溉为基础的农业做法为病媒扩散提供了条件，并增加了病媒传播疾病，包括裂谷热的传播风险。因此，本研究旨在确定喀麦隆北部地区潜在RVFV载体的物种多样性和空间分布。这项研究揭示了RVFV潜在的初级和次级载体的存在，其丰度和多样性因所研究的生态地点而异。这种潜在媒介的存在，以及它们在每个陷阱、每个夜晚或每个地点的可变数量，可能会产生向敏感宿主传播疾病的可变风险区域。RVFV RNA研究的分子分析(PCR)测试和这些载体上的病毒分离方法，以确定它们在RVF流行病学和控制中的作用，怎么强调都不为过。裂谷热(RVF)是一种由蚊子传播的主要人畜共患病。该病毒在撒哈拉以南非洲的大部分地区流行，可影响人类、牲畜和野生有蹄类动物。了解裂谷热病毒(RVFV)病媒的生物学知识对于制定有效的疾病控制措施至关重要。本研究的目的是确定喀麦隆北部地区潜在RVFV载体的物种多样性和相对丰度。在2017年12月至2019年1月的雨季和旱季期间，在选定的地点放置了带有二氧化碳诱饵的“EVS Light”诱蚊装置，以诱捕成年蚊子。根据标准程序，使用二分键识别捕获的蚊子。丰度是根据地点、区域和采集季节计算的。共捕获蚊虫27,851只，隶属于伊蚊、按蚊、曼氏按蚊和库蚊4属31种(其中次级媒介22只，占98.05%；初级媒介9只，占1.94%)。蚊子总数因地区不同而有很大差异(p值0.001)。与城市和非灌溉地区相比，灌溉地区每晚捕获的蚊子的平均数量显著更高(p值0.001)。这项研究揭示了喀麦隆北部地区潜在的RVFV初级和次级媒介的存在，这些媒介的丰度和多样性因地点和生态地点而异。结果表明，该属与马桑属(Ma.)Uniformis和Ma。优势类群为非洲库蚊属(52.33%)，其次为库蚊属(45.04%)和按蚊属(2.61%)。RVFV RNA研究的分子分析(PCR)测试和这些载体上的病毒分离方法以确定它们在RVF流行病学和控制中的作用怎么强调都不为过。
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) transmitted by various genera of mosquitoes usually classified into primary vectors and secondary vectors. The former, belonging to the genus Aedes, are known for their ability to lay drought resistant eggs that can maintain the virus on dry soil for many years in geomorphic structures in the form of shallow depressions. After heavy rains, mosquitoes hatch from these eggs, some of which are infected and transmit the virus to neighboring animals. The secondary vectors, mainly mosquitoes of the genera Culex, Anopheles, and Mansonia, can colonize these sites, reproduce in abundance, and subsequently spread RVFV. Although the northern regions of Cameroon host more than half of the country’s cattle, sheep, and goat populations, there is a dearth of information on the occurrence and transmission of RVFV and its vectors. The very common transhumance of animals during periods of drought leads to contact between domestic and wild animals and creates opportunities for cross-transmission of the virus. It also increases the possibilities of exposure of herds to vectors, in particular at water points. In addition, rare heavy rainfall, flooding, and irrigation-based agricultural practices in these regions provide conditions for vector proliferation and increase the risk of the spread of vector-borne diseases, including RVF. Therefore, this study aimed to determine species diversity and spatial distribution of potential RVFV vectors in the North Region of Cameroon. The study revealed the presence of potential primary and secondary vectors of RVFV with an abundance and a diversity varying according to the ecological sites studied. This presence of potential vectors with their variable number per trap, per night, or per site may create areas of variable risk for disease transmission to susceptible hosts. Molecular analysis (PCR) tests for RVFV RNA research and viral isolation methods on these vectors to determine their role in the epidemiology and control of RVF cannot be overemphasized. Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a major viral zoonosis transmitted by mosquitoes. The virus is endemic in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa and can affect humans, livestock, and wild ungulates. Knowledge of the biology of vectors of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is essential for the establishment of effective control measures of the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the species diversity and relative abundance of potential RVFV vectors in the North Region of Cameroon. Adult mosquitoes were trapped during the wet and dry seasons from December 2017 to January 2019 with “EVS Light” traps with CO2 baits placed at selected sites. The captured mosquitoes were identified using dichotomous keys according to standard procedures. The abundance was calculated with regard to site, zone, and collection season. A total of 27,851 mosquitoes belonging to four genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia, and Culex) and comprising 31 species were caught (including 22 secondary vectors (98.05%) and nine primary vectors (1.94%). The total number of mosquitoes varied significantly depending on the locality (p-value < 0.001). The average number of mosquitoes collected per trap night was significantly higher in irrigated areas (p-value < 0.001), compared to urban and non-irrigated areas. The study revealed the presence of potential primary and secondary vectors of RVFV with varying abundance and diversity according to locality and ecological site in the North Region of Cameroon. The results showed that the genus Mansonia with the species Ma. uniformis and Ma. africana formed the dominant taxon (52.33%), followed by the genera Culex (45.04%) and Anopheles (2.61%). The need for molecular analysis (PCR) tests for RVFV RNA research and viral isolation methods on these vectors to determine their role in the epidemiology and control of RVF cannot be overemphasized.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Zeller HG
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.702
发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
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