Direct and indirect mechanisms by which the gut microbiota influence host serotonin systems.

Direct and indirect mechanisms by which the gut microbiota influence host serotonin systems.
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肠道微生物群影响宿主血清素系统的直接和间接机制。

DOI:
10.1111/nmo.14346
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发表时间:
2022-10
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Mawe, Gary M.
Mawe, Gary M.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Legan, Theresa B.;Lavoie, Brigitte;Mawe, Gary M.

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越来越多的证据强调了肠道微生物作为与宿主的动态界面的关键作用。事实上,位于胃肠道(GI)管腔中的肠道微生物群影响许多在健康和病理状态下都很明显的基本生理过程。全身的一个关键信号分子是血清素(5-羟色胺; 5-HT),它在胃肠道中起作用,调节许多肠道功能,包括肠道运动和分泌。肠道微生物群可以直接和间接地调节宿主5-HT系统。通过使用无菌动物或抗生素给药的研究证明,肠道微生物的直接作用改变了关键5-HT相关基因的表达,以促进5-HT生物合成。间接地,肠道微生物群产生许多微生物代谢物,其作用可以以多种方式影响宿主的激素能系统。本文综述了肠道细菌调节宿主5-HT和5-HT介导的肠道功能的机制,以及5-HT在微生物群-肠-脑轴中的作用。
Mounting evidence highlights the pivotal role of enteric microbes as a dynamic interface with the host. Indeed, the gut microbiota, located in the lumen of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, influence many essential physiological processes that are evident in both healthy and pathological states. A key signaling molecule throughout the body is serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), which acts in the GI tract to regulate numerous gut functions including intestinal motility and secretion. The gut microbiota can modulate host 5-HT systems both directly and indirectly. Direct actions of gut microbes, evidenced by studies using germ-free animals or antibiotic administration, alter the expression of key 5-HT-related genes to promote 5-HT biosynthesis. Indirectly, the gut microbiota produce numerous microbial metabolites, whose actions can influence host serotonergic systems in a variety of ways. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding mechanisms by which gut bacteria act to regulate host 5-HT and 5-HT-mediated gut functions, as well as implications for 5-HT in the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
鼠李糖乳杆菌GG上清液对感染后肠易激综合征大鼠血清素转运蛋白表达的影响
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