Outbreaks by canopy-feeding geometrid moth cause state-dependent shifts in understorey plant communities.
Outbreaks by canopy-feeding geometrid moth cause state-dependent shifts in understorey plant communities.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-013-2648-1
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发表时间：
2013-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Elvebakk, Arve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karlsen, Stein Rune;Jepsen, Jane Uhd;Odland, Arvid;Ims, Rolf Anker;Elvebakk, Arve
据预测，气候变暖对北方寒带森林生态系统造成的最严重影响之一是昆虫疫情蔓延加剧。昆虫食草动物的复合干扰会导致植被状态之间的急剧转变，对生态系统生产力和气候反馈产生影响。通过分析白桦森林-冻土带中几何蛾严重和广泛爆发之前和之后的植被样地，我们记录了森林下层群落组成对飞蛾爆发的反应。虫害发生前，样地分为两个贫营养植物群落和一个富营养植物群落。飞蛾的爆发引起了两个贫营养化群落的植被状态变化，而富营养化群落的变化很小。在空间分布最广的群落中，贫营养矮灌丛白桦林以化感矮灌丛为主。雌雄同体（hermaphroditum）被有效地破坏，取而代之的是一个以禾本科植物Avenella flexuosa为主的群落，其质量上类似于野火对北方针叶林中E. nigrum群落的影响。由于黑桫椤的优势地位与退化演替有关，因此观测到的植被状态变化对区域尺度上的生态系统生产力具有广泛的影响。我们的研究结果表明，飞蛾暴发对北方北方桦林系统的影响高度依赖于初始状态，并且广泛分布的少营养群落对这种干扰的抵抗力较低。这为气候对北极和北方寒带植被的影响可能在入侵食草动物的动态变化中最突然地发生的概念提供了一个案例。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2648-1）包含补充材料，仅供授权用户使用。
The increased spread of insect outbreaks is among the most severe impacts of climate warming predicted for northern boreal forest ecosystems. Compound disturbances by insect herbivores can cause sharp transitions between vegetation states with implications for ecosystem productivity and climate feedbacks. By analysing vegetation plots prior to and immediately after a severe and widespread outbreak by geometrid moths in the birch forest-tundra ecotone, we document a shift in forest understorey community composition in response to the moth outbreak. Prior to the moth outbreak, the plots divided into two oligotrophic and one eutrophic plant community. The moth outbreak caused a vegetation state shift in the two oligotrophic communities, but only minor changes in the eutrophic community. In the spatially most widespread communities, oligotrophic dwarf shrub birch forest, dominance by the allelopathic dwarf shrub Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum, was effectively broken and replaced by a community dominated by the graminoid Avenella flexuosa, in a manner qualitatively similar to the effect of wild fires in E. nigrum communities in coniferous boreal forest further south. As dominance by E. nigrum is associated with retrogressive succession the observed vegetation state shift has widespread implications for ecosystem productivity on a regional scale. Our findings reveal that the impact of moth outbreaks on the northern boreal birch forest system is highly initial-state dependent, and that the widespread oligotrophic communities have a low resistance to such disturbances. This provides a case for the notion that climate impacts on arctic and northern boreal vegetation may take place most abruptly when conveyed by changed dynamics of irruptive herbivores. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2648-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Chapin, FS;Callaghan, TV;Zimov, SA
通讯作者：
Zimov, SA
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jag.2007.10.005
发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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