Coelacanth genomes reveal signatures for evolutionary transition from water to land.
Coelacanth genomes reveal signatures for evolutionary transition from water to land.
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DOI：
10.1101/gr.158105.113
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发表时间：
2013-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Okada N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nikaido M;Noguchi H;Nishihara H;Toyoda A;Suzuki Y;Kajitani R;Suzuki H;Okuno M;Aibara M;Ngatunga BP;Mzighani SI;Kalombo HW;Masengi KW;Tuda J;Nogami S;Maeda R;Iwata M;Abe Y;Fujimura K;Okabe M;Amano T;Maeno A;Shiroishi T;Itoh T;Sugano S;Kohara Y;Fujiyama A;Okada N
腔棘鱼被称为“活化石”，因为它们显示出与化石记录显着的形态相似性，并且属于最原始的Sarcopeli（叶鳍鱼和四足动物）。腔棘鱼可能是阐明从鱼类到四足动物进化克里思和模式的关键。在这里，我们报告了五种腔棘鱼的基因组序列，其中包括四种Latimeria chalumanensis个体（三种来自坦桑尼亚，一种来自科摩罗）和一种L. menadoensis individual from Indonesia.这些序列涵盖了两个非洲繁殖种群和两个已知的现存腔棘鱼物种。基因组全长约2.74 Gbp，含有高比例（约60%）的重复序列。个体间的遗传多样性极低，表明种群规模小和/或进化速度慢。我们发现了大量的基因编码嗅觉和信息素受体的特点四足动物受体的检测空气中的配体。我们还发现，bmp 7和gli 3的肢增强子，这两个都是必不可少的肢体形成，是保守的腔棘鱼和四足动物，但不是射线鳍鱼。我们预计，一些四足类基因可能已经存在于原始Sarcopeli的进化早期，后来增选，以适应陆地环境。这些腔棘鱼基因组将为阐明祖先水生脊椎动物如何进化为陆生动物的研究提供基石。
Coelacanths are known as “living fossils,” as they show remarkable morphological resemblance to the fossil record and belong to the most primitive lineage of living Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes and tetrapods). Coelacanths may be key to elucidating the tempo and mode of evolution from fish to tetrapods. Here, we report the genome sequences of five coelacanths, including four Latimeria chalumnae individuals (three specimens from Tanzania and one from Comoros) and one L. menadoensis individual from Indonesia. These sequences cover two African breeding populations and two known extant coelacanth species. The genome is ∼2.74 Gbp and contains a high proportion (∼60%) of repetitive elements. The genetic diversity among the individuals was extremely low, suggesting a small population size and/or a slow rate of evolution. We found a substantial number of genes that encode olfactory and pheromone receptors with features characteristic of tetrapod receptors for the detection of airborne ligands. We also found that limb enhancers of bmp7 and gli3, both of which are essential for limb formation, are conserved between coelacanth and tetrapods, but not ray-finned fishes. We expect that some tetrapod-like genes may have existed early in the evolution of primitive Sarcopterygii and were later co-opted to adapt to terrestrial environments. These coelacanth genomes will provide a cornerstone for studies to elucidate how ancestral aquatic vertebrates evolved into terrestrial animals.
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